Nanosecond Pulse Discharges at a Liquid-Vapor Interface and in Liquids: Discharge Dynamics and Plasma Chemistry

液汽界面和液体中的纳秒脉冲放电：放电动力学和等离子体化学

• 批准号: 1619563
• 负责人: Igor Adamovich
• 金额: $ 38.4万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1619563&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nanosecond; Pulse; Discharges; Liquid; Vapor

This work will study plasmas, which are clouds or bubbles of ionized gas, produced near liquid surfaces and in liquids at near room temperatures. Such plasmas have significant potential for development of several emerging technologies in biology and medicine for removal of organic contaminants from water, activation of water for sterilization and disinfection, wound healing, skin cancer therapies, synthesis of nanoparticles in liquids, as well as clean energy technologies. Fundamental physical and chemical processes in these plasmas are poorly understood, primarily due to lack of accurate experimental data which will be obtained in this work. The results obtained during this study will improve our understanding of these processes and are expected to have a major impact on development of low-temperature plasmas for biomedical applications, healthcare, and clean energy.Fundamental kinetics of pulsed plasmas sustained at a liquid-vapor interface and in liquids will be studied using the following methods: (i) Measurements of electric field in surface ionization wave plasmas at a liquid-vapor interface. These data will provide insight into surface ionization wave structure and dynamics. (ii) Measurements of electron density and electron temperature in the near-surface plasma. These data will quantify input energy partition among different energy modes. (iii) Measurements of solvated electrons in the near-surface liquid layer. These data will show how electrons are transported to the liquid surface and penetrate into the liquid. These measurements may also resolve the fundamental question whether the plasma may be generated directly in the liquid phase. (iv) Measurements of species number densities in the plasma near the liquid-vapor interface. These results will be compared with kinetic modeling predictions to quantify the effect of electric field and electron energy in the surface plasma on vapor phase plasma chemistry. This work will yield quantitative insight into dynamics and kinetics of transient liquid-vapor interface plasmas for which there is little experimental data, and make possible confident prediction of their behavior.

这项工作将研究等离子体，即电离气体云或气泡，在液体表面附近和接近室温的液体中产生。这种等离子体对于开发生物学和医学领域的多种新兴技术具有巨大潜力，例如去除水中的有机污染物、活化水以进行灭菌和消毒、伤口愈合、皮肤癌治疗、液体中纳米颗粒的合成以及清洁能源技术。人们对这些等离子体的基本物理和化学过程知之甚少，这主要是由于缺乏在这项工作中获得的准确的实验数据。这项研究中获得的结果将增进我们对这些过程的理解，并预计将对生物医学应用、医疗保健和清洁能源的低温等离子体的开发产生重大影响。液-气界面维持的脉冲等离子体的基本动力学将使用以下方法研究液体中的电离场和液体中的电离场：（i）测量液体-蒸汽界面处的表面电离波等离子体中的电场。这些数据将提供对表面电离波结构和动力学的深入了解。 (ii) 近表面等离子体中电子密度和电子温度的测量。这些数据将量化不同能量模式之间的输入能量分配。 (iii) 近地表液体层中溶剂化电子的测量。这些数据将显示电子如何传输到液体表面并渗透到液体中。这些测量还可以解决等离子体是否可以直接在液相中产生的基本问题。 (iv) 液-气界面附近等离子体中物种数密度的测量。这些结果将与动力学模型预测进行比较，以量化表面等离子体中的电场和电子能量对气相等离子体化学的影响。这项工作将对几乎没有实验数据的瞬态液-汽界面等离子体的动力学和动力学产生定量的见解，并使其行为的可靠预测成为可能。