Two-Dimensional Layered Materials: Thermodynamic and Electrical Studies

二维层状材料：热力学和电学研究

• 批准号: 1409953
• 负责人: Leslie Allen
• 金额: $ 34.5万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1409953&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Two; Dimensional; Layered; Materials; Thermodynamic

Non-Technical AbstractWith support from the Solid State and Materials Chemistry Program in the Division of Materials Research, this project focuses on the basic scientific research of the properties of small crystals, the education of graduate and undergraduate students, and the further development of specialized scientific instruments such as nanocalorimetry. Using a newly discovered method, small, two-dimensional crystals of important materials will be grown and the melting temperature and conductive electronic properties will be investigated. The comprehensive study of these crystals will help develop breakthrough technologies in electronic materials and will provide a new understanding in biological membrane science. Further development of fast-scanning nanocalorimetry will also enhance the national infrastructure of scientific instrumentation. One of the important broader impact goals will be to increase participation in scientific and technical education through the building of devices (e. g. voltmeter and student nanocalorimeter measuring solar and battery heat) within the Native American community. Blackfeet Community College (BFCC) is located in Browning, Montana, which is the center for the Blackfeet Nation. The activities include a Science Summer Camp at the BFCC for the local students from the middle school, high school and the community college. The research team includes faculty and students from BFCC and the University of Illinois. Technical AbstractThe research team will prepare and characterize extremely thin crystals of two-dimensional layered materials (e.g. graphene and chalcogenides). One key attribute of all two-dimensional layered materials is the very weak van der Waal bonding between layers which allows the stacking of just a few layers. Special thermodynamic and electronic properties of these materials are only revealed if the crystals are extremely thin - as thin as a single layer of atoms or molecules. The focus of this project is to synthesize and characterize variations of silver alkanethiolates (AgSCn) and chalcogenides using a newly developed vapor deposition technique developed in the principal investigator's laboratory. The rigid central (Ag-S) plane of the AgSCn crystal controls crystal structure and is the key to its unique electronic properties. The synthesis activity focuses on incrementally decreasing the number layers of AgSCn (and chalcogenides) down to a single layer and decreasing the chain-length (n) of the alkane side chains down to one-carbon (AgSC1) thiloate. Using nanocalorimetry, which has the capability of measuring the melting of a single layer of atoms, the principal investigator will measure the melting characteristics of AgSCn crystals. The research team will also study the vertical and lateral conductive properties of the AgSCn and chalcogenides crystals using conductive probe atomic force microscopy. This dual synthesis and characterization approach will uncover the ultimate structural and electronic properties of these two material systems. New understanding of these systems is applicable to biological lipid membranes which are another example of single-layer materials, consisting of a single bilayer of organic molecules.

材料研究部中的固态和材料化学计划的非技术摘要，该项目侧重于对小水晶的特性，研究生和本科生的教育以及进一步开发专业科学仪器（例如纳米计量法）的基础科学研究。 使用新发现的方法，将生长重要材料的小二维晶体，​​并将研究熔化温度和导电电子性能。 这些晶体的综合研究将有助于发展电子材料的突破性技术，并将在生物膜科学方面提供新的理解。快速扫描的纳米层析法的进一步发展还将增强科学仪器的国家基础设施。重要的更广泛的影响目标之一是通过在美国原住民社区中建立设备（例如电压表和学生纳米级测量太阳能和电池热量）来增加科学和技术教育的参与。 Blackfeet社区学院（BFCC）位于蒙大拿州布朗宁，这是Blackfeet Nation的中心。活动包括在BFCC的科学夏令营，供初中，高中和社区学院的当地学生提供。研究小组包括BFCC和伊利诺伊大学的教职员工。技术摘要研究团队将准备并表征二维分层材料（例如石墨烯和葡萄干剂）的极薄晶体。 所有二维分层材料的一个关键属性是层之间非常弱的范德华键，这只允许仅几层堆叠。 这些材料的特殊热力学和电子特性仅在晶体非常薄时才能揭示 - 与单层原子或分子一样薄。该项目的重点是使用主要研究者实验室中开发的新开发的蒸气沉积技术综合和表征银烷硫酸盐（AGSCN）和辣椒剂的变化。 AGSCN晶体的刚性中央（Ag-S）平面控制晶体结构，是其独特电子性能的关键。 合成活性的重点是将AGSCN（和辣椒剂）的数量层逐步降低至单层，并降低烷烃侧链的链长（n）至一碳（AGSC1）thiloate。 使用纳米级别法，具有测量单层原子熔化的能力，主要研究者将测量AGSCN晶体的熔化特性。研究小组还将使用导电探针原子力显微镜研究AGSCN和硫元元化晶体的垂直和侧向导电性能。 这种双重合成和表征方法将揭示这两种材料系统的最终结构和电子特性。 对这些系统的新理解适用于生物脂质膜，这是单层材料的另一个例子，由单个有机分子的双层组成。