Grading at german universities from the 1960 until today. Trends, differences, causes.

从 1960 年至今德国大学的评分。

• 批准号: 223601637
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Volker Müller-Benedict
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Sozial- und Bildungsökonomik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/223601637?language=en
• 关键词: Grading; german; universities; 1960; until

Grades serve as indicators of merit, and provide therefore signs for individual and institutional promotion. Thereby the question emerges, if and which systematic causes beyond the merit dimension may influence grades. When e.g. the level of grades constantly rises (grade inflation), grades at diverse times cannot be compared. The many variables which may influence grades have different time horizons: university system organisation (e.g. public vs. private provision) is long-term oriented, overcrowding vs. lack of students in academic fields changes every 15-20 years, a generation of professors lasts around 30 years, politically induced financing stretches only over a couple of years. Therefore, a long-term perspective is necessary. The aim of the project is the analysis of a) the movement of grades in selected fields at a number of universities since the foundation of the FRG and in full since 1998, b) the context of these movement in relation of appropriate economic, regional, university-specific and field-specific indicators, c) the norms graders at universities apply and the relation to the outcomes of a) and b). Whereas the already financed two years were mostly directed at the compilation and tailoring of the data the here proposed third year shall be concentrating on the analysis of the now accumulated extended set of information and the following publications based on that.

等级是功绩的指标，因此为个人和机构晋升提供了迹象。因此，问题出现了，是否以及哪些系统原因超出了绩效维度可能会影响成绩。当例如等级的水平不断上升（坡度通货膨胀），无法比较不同时间的成绩。可能影响成绩的许多变量具有不同的时间范围：大学系统组织（例如，公共与私人提供）长期以来，人满为患，在学术领域中缺乏学生每15 - 20年变化，一代教授持续下去大约30年，政治诱导的融资仅在几年内延长。因此，有必要的长期观点。该项目的目的是分析a）自1998年以来，自FRG的基础和完整的大学以来，众多大学中成绩的运动，b）这些运动与适当的经济，区域性，地区，地区，大学特定和特定于现场的指标，c）大学的规范分级学生以及与a）和b）的结果有关。尽管已经融资两年的资金主要是针对数据的汇编和剪裁，但此处建议的第三年应集中于对现在累积的扩展信息集和基于此的以下出版物的分析。