Collaborative Research: P2C2--Reconstructing Spatiotemporal Climatic Patterns for Northeastern Canada

合作研究：P2C2——重建加拿大东北部时空气候格局

• 批准号: 1602009
• 负责人: Caroline Ummenhofer
• 金额: $ 11.55万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-15 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1602009&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; P2C2; Reconstructing; Spatiotemporal

This collaborative project generally aims to generate new tree-ring data from Blue Intensity (BI is proposed as a direct proxy for density) and three anatomical measurements of cell number (CN), lumen diameter (LD) and cell wall thickness (CWT) all of which have proposed links to climate. New tree-ring samples will be collected along a latitudinal transect to fill a large spatial gap in paleoclimatic data and potentially allow the inference of spatial shifts and patterns in climatic variability over the past several centuries. This transect extends from southern, coastal to near-coastal sites in Newfoundland and southeastern Labrador to the Mealy Mountains Park and Reserve in central Labrador, and to latitudinal treeline near Napaktok Fjord north of Nain and outlier sites just to the north. These new collections will be used to update existing datasets and better quantify past climate and environmental variability across space and time and extend the record into the Medieval Climate Anomaly.The climate of Labrador and Newfoundland is largely determined by the prevailing western North Atlantic's atmosphere-ocean dynamics including effects of the Labrador Sea, a key component of the Earth's thermohaline circulation system. Other influences include dominant climate modes such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Reconstructions of northwest Atlantic sector sea surface temperatures (SST), land temperature, sea-ice extent and hydroclimate, as well as analyses of instrumental and reanalysis data, could potentially improve the current knowledge of climate change in this highly dynamic region. The overarching research questions are: 1) What are the underlying causes and patterns of long-term climate variability across the region? 2) How does the climate of the anthropogenic period compare with prior centuries?This project involves the potential for a unique and potentially transformative analytical technique (i.e., Blue Intensity) for exploring climate processes in circumpolar regions. There is also outreach to Labrador's northernmost village of Nain, where communities must cope with severe socioeconomic challenges amid recent climatic extremes.

该合作项目的总体目标是从蓝色强度（BI 被提议作为密度的直接代理）和细胞数量 (CN)、管腔直径 (LD) 和细胞壁厚度 (CWT) 的三个解剖测量数据生成新的树木年轮数据。其中提出了与气候的联系。 新的树木年轮样本将沿纬度横断面收集，以填补古气候数据中的巨大空间空白，并有可能推断过去几个世纪气候变化的空间变化和模式。这条横断面从纽芬兰和拉布拉多东南部的南部沿海到近海岸地点延伸到拉布拉多中部的米利山公园和保护区，以及纳因北部纳帕克托克峡湾附近的纬度林线和北部的异常地点。这些新收集的数据将用于更新现有数据集，更好地量化过去气候和环境在空间和时间上的变化，并将记录扩展到中世纪气候异常。拉布拉多和纽芬兰的气候很大程度上取决于北大西洋西部的大气-海洋动力学，包括拉布拉多海的影响，拉布拉多海是地球温盐环流系统的关键组成部分。 其他影响包括主要气候模式，例如北大西洋涛动 (NAO)。 西北大西洋区海面温度（SST）、陆地温度、海冰范围和水文气候的重建，以及对仪器和再分析数据的分析，可能会提高对这个高度动态地区气候变化的当前认识。最重要的研究问题是：1）整个地区长期气候变化的根本原因和模式是什么？ 2) 人类活动时期的气候与之前几个世纪相比如何？该项目涉及一种独特且具有潜在变革性的分析技术（即蓝色强度）的潜力，用于探索环极地地区的气候过程。我们还向拉布拉多最北端的纳因村进行了外展活动，那里的社区必须应对最近极端气候带来的严峻社会经济挑战。

项目成果

Pacific climate influences on ocean conditions and extreme shell growth events in the Northwestern Atlantic (Gulf of Maine)

• DOI: 10.1007/s00382-018-4513-8
• 发表时间: 2018-10
• 期刊: Climate Dynamics
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: A. Wanamaker;Shelly M. Griffin;C. Ummenhofer;Nina M. Whitney;B. Black;R. Parfitt;Erin E. Lower-Spies;D. Introne;K. Kreutz

Distinct seasonal climate drivers revealed in a network of tree-ring records from Labrador, Canada

• DOI: 10.1007/s00382-019-05092-6
• 发表时间: 2020-01
• 期刊: Climate Dynamics
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: R. Parfitt;C. Ummenhofer;B. Buckley;K. Hansen;R. D’Arrigo