Adolescent and Adult Lives of Children of Parents Returning From Prison

父母从监狱归来的孩子的青少年和成年生活

• 批准号: 1535563
• 负责人: John Hagan
• 金额: $ 37.02万
• 依托单位: American Bar Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-15 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1535563&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Lives; Children; Parents

This research will investigate the impact of parents returning from prison on their children. Parents are incarcerated today at a rate more than four times higher than in the 1970s. However, since 2009 releases from prisons have become more numerous than admissions, marking the beginning of a new era of the return of imprisoned parents to their families and communities. This research will add survey questions about this process of parental return to the fifth wave of a unique nationally representative study that has tracked children of non-incarcerated and incarcerated parents since the rise of incarceration in the last quarter of the last century. The sample will allow analysis across all population groups, and for mothers and daughters as well as fathers and sons, and also for step-parents. The research will focus on the readjustment of children during adolescence and early adulthood to the return of their previously imprisoned parents, assessing whether and under what conditions this return is associated with positive and negative outcomes, for example, in educational attainment and successful transitions to work and adulthood more broadly. The research will capture at a crucial historical moment the consequences for children of an unprecedented return of parents from prison to their families and society. The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health [Add Health] that is the foundation of this research is based on a sample in which 14 percent of the children have a father and four percent have a mother who has been in jail or prison. These children will have been surveyed at five points in their lives, from their early teens to their early 30s. This detailed, repeated measurement will make it possible to closely study the age of onset, accumulation, and simultaneity in the effects of parental imprisonment in relation to, for example, the timing and sequences of school tracking and dropout decisions and work, marriage and parenting outcomes. This information on the adolescent and early adult child outcomes can then be considered more broadly in relation to the timing of parallel processes of change in family structures and justice system contacts. The research will use propensity scoring and fixed effects techniques to thoroughly assess causal inferences and threats posed by logically prior possibilities of parental selection into imprisonment and reentry. By adding parental incarceration histories to the nationally representative and historically unique Add Health data, this research will markedly expand opportunities to understand wide ranging processes and outcomes in child development from adolescence through early adulthood and in relation to two unique generations of American parents and children. There is no other data set that offers such extensive cross generational measurement possibilities for capturing this crucial moment in the unfolding life course consequences of an unprecedented American experiment with high levels of imprisonment and prisoner reentry.

这项研究将调查父母从监狱返回对孩子的影响。 如今，父母入狱的比例是 20 世纪 70 年代的四倍多。 然而，自 2009 年以来，监狱释放人数多于入狱人数，这标志着被监禁父母重返家庭和社区的新时代的开始。 这项研究将在第五波独特的全国代表性研究中添加有关父母回归过程的调查问题，该研究自上世纪最后二十五年监禁兴起以来一直跟踪非监禁和监禁父母的孩子。 该样本将允许对所有人口群体、母亲和女儿、父亲和儿子以及继父母进行分析。 该研究将重点关注青春期和成年早期的儿童如何适应以前被监禁的父母的回归，评估这种回归是否以及在什么条件下与积极和消极的结果相关，例如在教育程度和成功过渡到工作方面以及更广泛的成年期。 这项研究将在关键的历史时刻捕捉父母史无前例地从监狱回到家庭和社会对儿童的影响。 作为这项研究基础的国家青少年健康纵向研究 [Add Health] 所依据的样本中，14% 的儿童的父亲和 4% 的儿童的母亲曾入狱或入狱。 这些孩子将在人生的五个阶段接受调查，从十几岁到三十岁出头。 这种详细的、重复的测量将使得密切研究父母监禁影响的发病年龄、累积和同时性成为可能，例如，学校跟踪和辍学决定以及工作、婚姻和养育子女的时间和顺序结果。 然后，可以结合家庭结构和司法系统接触的平行变化过程的时间，更广泛地考虑有关青少年和早期成年儿童结果的信息。 该研究将使用倾向评分和固定效应技术来彻底评估因果推论和父母选择入狱和重返社会的逻辑先验可能性所带来的威胁。 通过将父母的监禁历史添加到具有全国代表性和历史上独特的 Add Health 数据中，这项研究将显着增加了解从青春期到成年早期的儿童发展的广泛过程和结果的机会，以及与两代独特的美国父母和儿童的关系。 没有其他数据集能够提供如此广泛的跨代测量可能性，以捕捉美国前所未有的高水平监禁和囚犯重返社会实验正在展开的生命历程后果中的关键时刻。