CAREER: The physiology and genetics of adaptation in a complex environment

职业：复杂环境中适应的生理学和遗传学

• 批准号: 1505247
• 负责人: Kristi Montooth
• 金额: $ 68.34万
• 依托单位: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-16 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1505247&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; physiology; genetics; adaptation; complex

Organisms have a remarkable capacity to respond physiologically to their environment to maintain survival and health even in times of stress. This research program investigates the physiological responses of the model genetic organism Drosophila melanogaster to a complex environment. D. melanogaster recently expanded its range out of tropical Africa and into higher latitudes with more variable thermal environments. At the same time, D. melanogaster evolved a remarkable tolerance of ethanol and acetic acid in its fermenting fruit habitat. The natural history of this fruit fly allows for an investigation of how organisms are likely to respond to a complex and increasingly variable climate. In particular, this research will test hypotheses about how changes in cell membranes and metabolism maintain health, performance and fitness in a thermally-variable and alcohol-rich niche. The experiments investigate changes that occur within the lifespan of organisms to deal with the environment -- plastic physiologies -- and changes that have evolved to fit organisms to their environment via the process of natural selection physiological adaptations. The goal of this research is to identify the interactions among multiple genes that underlie these plastic and adaptive responses to a complex environment.The proposed research will further our knowledge in areas identified by the Frontiers in Evolutionary Biology workshop (NSF 2005), provide insight on genetic, cellular and physiological mechanisms of environmental tolerance, and develop new methods for associating physiological traits with complex genetic variation at multiple genes. Data will be made publicly available using the DRYAD database (http://datadryad.org/), and genetic lines will be made available upon request after publication. Genetic lines judged to be of use for many labs will be placed in the Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center (http://flystocks.bio.indiana.edu/).The educational objectives draw on the PI's history of integrating her research and teaching. Objective 1 develops a novel curriculum for college-level biology classes that uses case studies to teach skills in information literacy, writing, quantitative thinking, and data representation. Curricula will be deposited in the publicly available database of the NSF National Center for Case Study Teaching (NCCST; http://sciencecases.lib.buffalo.edu/cs/collection/). Objective 2 will create an educational multimedia display to promote public literacy in the life sciences. Objective 3 advances a research training program for students that integrates genetics, evolution, and cellular and organismal physiology, and includes minority and female students.

生物体具有显着的能力，可以在生理上对其环境做出反应，即使在压力时期，也有生理能力。该研究计划研究了模型遗传生物果蝇对复杂环境的生理反应。 D. Melanogaster最近将其从热带非洲的范围扩展到具有更可变化的热环境的更高纬度。同时，D。melanogaster在发酵水果栖息地中进化了乙醇和乙酸的明显耐受性。这种果蝇的自然历史可以调查生物如何应对复杂且日益变化的气候。特别是，这项研究将检验有关细胞膜变化和代谢如何在热可变且富含酒精的利基市场中保持健康，性能和适应性的假设。这些实验研究了生物体寿命内发生的变化，以应对环境 - 塑料生理 - 以及通过自然选择生理适应的过程而演变为将生物体适应其环境的变化。这项研究的目的是确定这些塑料和适应性反应的多个基因之间的相互作用。拟议的研究将进一步进一步，我们在进化生物学研讨会中界边界确定的领域的知识（NSF 2005），提供有关有关的洞察力。环境耐受性的遗传，细胞和生理机制，并开发了将生理特征与多个基因处复杂遗传变异相关的新方法。将使用Dryad数据库（http://datadryad.org/）公开提供数据，并在出版后要求提供遗传线。判断为许多实验室使用的遗传线将放置在果蝇股票中心（http://flystocks.bio.indiana.edu/)...edu/）中。目标1开发了一种新的大学生物学课程课程，该课程使用案例研究来教授信息素养，写作，定量思维和数据表示方面的技能。课程将存入NSF国家案例研究教学中心公开数据库（NCCST; http://sciencecases.lib.buffalo.edu/cs/collection/）。目标2将创建一个教育多媒体展示，以促进生活科学中的公共素养。目标3为学生提供了一项研究遗传学，进化以及细胞和有机生理学的研究培训计划，并包括少数群体和女学生。