CPS: Breakthrough: Improving Metropolitan-Scale Transportation Systems with Data-Driven Cyber-Control

CPS：突破：通过数据驱动的网络控制改善大都市规模的交通系统

• 批准号: 1446640
• 负责人: Tian He
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1446640&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CPS; Breakthrough; Improving; Metropolitan; Scale

Traditionally, the design of urban transit services has been based on limited sampling data collected through surveys and censuses, which are often dated and incomplete. Lacking massive online feeds from multiple transit modes makes it hard to achieve real-time equilibrium in demand and supply relationship through cyber-control, which eventually manifests into multiple urban transportation issues: (i) lengthy last-mile transit due to non-supply, (ii) prolonged waiting due to undersupply, and (iii) excessive idle mileage due to oversupply. This project addresses these issues by focusing on two types of transportation systems in metropolitan areas: (i) public bike rental sharing systems and (ii) fleet-oriented ride sharing systems. The public bike rental sharing systems are used to allow commuters to rent bikes near public transit stations for the last mile of their trips. The fleet-oriented ride sharing systems schedule a fleet of participating vehicles for ride sharing among passengers in which shared ridership reduces individual fare paid by passengers, increases the profit of taxi drivers, and can improve the availability of service.The theory and practice of transportation sharing systems have typically focused on isolated individual transportation modes. The project will collect massive multi-modal online feeds from metropolitan information infrastructure to model dynamic behaviors of transportation systems, and then utilize massive micro-level trip information to apply fine-grained real-time control to handle rapid changes in dynamic metropolitan environments. General principles and design methodologies will be designed to build multi-modal, integrated urban transportation systems. These research discoveries will be applied toward commercial applications. Long-term deployment problem of bike stations will be addressed, especially in the low-income districts, to provide suggestions on the station deployment and assessment for specific deployment plans. The project also solves the short-term bike maintenance issue to balance the usage of shared bikes to prevent quick deterioration of rental bikes, and improve availability of bike rental services in real time. This project will also study fleet-oriented ride sharing systems that decide fares based on real-time supply/demand ratio to handle dynamic metropolitan scenarios.This project will support two Ph.D. students who will receive innovation and technology translation training through close interactions with municipal governments and small-business companies. Such partnerships expedite the adoption of cutting-edge technology, evaluate research solutions in operational environments, and obtain user feedback to trigger further innovations. The project will improve the efficiency of existing transportation systems under sharing economy and ultimately the work would noticeably improve the quality of every-day life in metropolitan areas across the United States.

传统上，城市交通服务的设计基于通过调查和普查收集的有限抽样数据，这些数据往往过时且不完整。由于缺乏多种交通方式的海量在线信息，很难通过网络控制实现供需关系的实时平衡，最终表现为多种城市交通问题：（i）最后一英里交通因无供应而漫长， (ii) 因供应不足而导致长时间等待，以及 (iii) 因供应过剩而导致闲置里程过多。该项目通过关注大都市地区的两种交通系统来解决这些问题：（i）公共自行车租赁共享系统和（ii）以车队为导向的乘车共享系统。公共自行车租赁共享系统用于让通勤者在公共交通站点附近租用自行车，完成出行的最后一英里。面向车队的乘车共享系统安排参与车辆的车队在乘客之间共享乘车，共享乘车减少了乘客支付的个人费用，增加了出租车司机的利润，并可以提高服务的可用性。 交通理论与实践共享系统通常侧重于孤立的个人交通模式。该项目将从都市信息基础设施收集大量多模式在线信息，对交通系统的动态行为进行建模，然后利用大量微观层面的出行信息进行细粒度的实时控制，以应对动态都市环境的快速变化。将设计一般原则和设计方法，以建立多式联运、综合城市交通系统。这些研究发现将应用于商业应用。解决自行车站的长期部署问题，特别是在低收入地区，为自行车站部署提供建议，并评估具体部署方案。该项目还解决了自行车的短期维护问题，以平衡共享单车的使用，防止租赁自行车快速劣化，并实时提高自行车租赁服务的可用性。该项目还将研究面向车队的乘车共享系统，该系统根据实时供需比决定票价，以处理动态的大都市场景。该项目将支持两名博士生。学生将通过与市政府和小企业的密切互动接受创新和技术翻译培训。此类合作伙伴关系可以加快尖端技术的采用，评估操作环境中的研究解决方案，并获取用户反馈以引发进一步的创新。该项目将提高共享经济下现有交通系统的效率，最终将显着提高美国大都市区的日常生活质量。