SHF: Small: Collaborative Research: A Holistic Design Methodology for Fault-Tolerant and Robust Network-on-Chips (NoCs) Architectures

SHF：小型：协作研究：容错和鲁棒片上网络 (NoC) 架构的整体设计方法

• 批准号: 1420718
• 负责人: Avinash Karanth
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: Ohio University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-15 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1420718&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SHF; Small; Collaborative; Research; Holistic

Technology scaling down to the nanometer regime has aided the growth in transistors that have made multi-core architectures a power-efficient approach to harnessing parallelism and improving performance. Consequently, the design of low latency, high bandwidth, power-efficient and reliable Network-on-Chips (NoCs) is proving to be one of the most critical challenges to achieving the performance potential of future chips. While multicores are facilitating an enormous integration capacity, aggressive transistor scaling has also led to a steady degradation of the device and circuit reliability. Increased device wear-out (due to negative-bias temperature instability (NBTI), electro migration (EM) and hot carrier injection (HCI)) has exacerbated the waning reliability of transistors, thereby resulting in a significant increase in faults (both permanent and transient), and hardware failures. As faults manifest within the NoC substrate, multicore chips are faced with excessive delays and increased power consumption while recovering from the fault. While NoC reliability research has made significant strides at inter- and intra-router levels, there is still a lack of a holistic design approach covering the reliability of the entire NoC architecture, from device wear-out, to links and routers, to routing protocols, to applications in a cohesive manner.This project will develop a holistic design methodology that addresses the reliability of the entire NoC communication infrastructure (device, links, routers, routing algorithms, and topology) while minimizing energy footprint, reducing the area overhead and only marginally impacting performance. To achieve our goal of improving link fault-recovery, this project will develop techniques to maximize the utilization of the inter-router links with minimum power and area overhead. For the router, this project will propose intra-router reliability techniques with the goals of maximizing hardware utilization, reducing redundancy and area overhead, and minimizing router pipeline latency. Further, wear-leveling techniques developed by this project will improve the reliability of NoCs and the lifetime of the chip. Finally, the proposed techniques will be evaluated by developing fault models that are injected into the NoC and evaluate the fault coverage, performance degradation and energy efficiency through extensive modeling and simulation. The holistic design methodology spanning the entire NoC architecture and the reliability techniques developed from this project will positively impact the next generation multi-core and System-on-Chip (SoC) architectures with improvements in energy efficiency, performance and robustness to hard faults and soft errors. This project will play a major role in education by integrating discovery with teaching and training, and by attracting and training minority students in this field.

缩小到纳米范围的技术促进了晶体管的发展，使多核架构成为一种利用并行性和提高性能的节能方法。因此，低延迟、高带宽、节能且可靠的片上网络 (NoC) 的设计被证明是实现未来芯片性能潜力的最关键挑战之一。虽然多核正在促进巨大的集成能力，但激进的晶体管尺寸也导致了器件和电路可靠性的稳步下降。器件磨损增加（由于负偏压温度不稳定性 (NBTI)、电迁移 (EM) 和热载流子注入 (HCI)）加剧了晶体管可靠性的下降，从而导致故障（永久性和永久性故障）显着增加。瞬态）和硬件故障。由于NoC基板内出现故障，多核芯片在从故障中恢复时面临着过度延迟和功耗增加的问题。虽然NoC可靠性研究在路由器间和路由器内层面取得了重大进展，但仍然缺乏涵盖整个NoC架构可靠性的整体设计方法，从设备磨损到链路和路由器，再到路由协议该项目将开发一种整体设计方法，解决整个 NoC 通信基础设施（设备、链路、路由器、路由算法和拓扑）的可靠性问题，同时最大限度地减少能源足迹、减少面积开销，并且仅对性能产生轻微影响。为了实现改进链路故障恢复的目标，该项目将开发以最小的功率和面积开销最大限度地利用路由器间链路的技术。对于路由器，该项目将提出路由器内可靠性技术，其目标是最大化硬件利用率、减少冗余和区域开销以及最小化路由器管道延迟。此外，该项目开发的磨损均衡技术将提高NoC的可靠性和芯片的使用寿命。最后，将通过开发注入 NoC 的故障模型来评估所提出的技术，并通过广泛的建模和仿真来评估故障覆盖范围、性能退化和能源效率。涵盖整个 NoC 架构的整体设计方法以及该项目开发的可靠性技术将对下一代多核和片上系统 (SoC) 架构产生积极影响，提高能效、性能以及对硬故障和软故障的鲁棒性。错误。该项目将通过将发现与教学和培训相结合，并吸引和培训该领域的少数民族学生，在教育领域发挥重要作用。