Collaborative Research: Equipment for and Running of the PSI MUSE Experiment

合作研究：PSI MUSE 实验的设备和运行

• 批准号: 1404342
• 负责人: Evangeline Downie
• 金额: $ 0.92万
• 依托单位: George Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-15 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1404342&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Equipment; Running; PSI

A fundamental goal of subatomic physics is the precise determination of the physical properties of subatomic particles. The radius of the proton is one of these properties. The radius can be measured by scattering electrons or muons from protons, or by measuring the energy levels of hydrogen or muonic hydrogen, an atom in which the electron is replaced by a muon. To date, the radius has been measured by scattering of electrons, and by the energy levels of hydrogen and muonic hydrogen. The muonic measurements disagree with the electronic measurements, an issue known as "the proton radius puzzle." The discrepancy has attracted wide attention, because it may indicate the existence of previously unobserved and unexpected differences between the interactions of muons and electrons.A dedicated MUon proton Scattering Experiment (MUSE), which will run at the Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland and directly compare the scattering of muons and electrons from protons, is highly anticipated by experts in the field for its potential to resolve the puzzle. This project will cover the prototyping and development of several crucial components of the MUSE experiment detectors. This project will involve the training of students and young scientists, at the undergraduate, graduate, post-doctoral, and junior faculty levels. The institutions involved in this project have trained large numbers of students of each type, including from minority populations. The training they have received in the process of doing basic research has led to careers in a variety of areas, from medical physics to national security, in addition to continued work in fundamental physics research. The MUSE experiment will broaden the perspective of American students by having them work in an international collaboration at an international laboratory, which will prepare them effectively to become prominent global scientists of the next generation. With the broad interest in the proton radius puzzle, MUSE has the potential to be broadly inspirational beyond the current scientific community.The experiment uses a mixed beam of electrons, muons, and pions. The measurement requires high precision and small systematic errors. This project will build and test the components of the detector system. These include scintillation fiber detectors to measure the trajectories of incoming particles, Cerenkov detectors for particle identification, GEM detectors for precise positioning, straw tube detectors for measuring the trajectories of scattered particles, and scintillation detectors for particle identification of the scattered particles. In addition, a liquid hydrogen target will be developed. Development and testing of these detectors will demonstrate that the required precision can be obtained.

亚原理的基本目标是确切确定亚原子颗粒的物理特性。 质子的半径是这些特性之一。 半径可以通过从质子中散射电子或MUON或测量氢或Muonic氢的能级来测量，该原子被电子代替。 迄今为止，已经通过电子的散射以及氢和muonic氢的能级来测量半径。 Muonic测量值与电子测量结果不同意，该问题称为“质子半径拼图”。 这种差异引起了广泛的关注，因为它可能表明了Muons和电子之间以前未观察到的意外差异。专门的Muon Proton散射实验（MUSE）将在瑞士的Paul Scherrer Institute上运行，并直接与Protons for Prots publys for Profects consevers consevers perforce conders perforce conders perforce consevers coppers cosevers coppers coppers corpers corpers perforce consevers cospect offers perforce conders coppers。该项目将涵盖Muse实验探测器的几个关键组成部分的原型和开发。该项目将涉及在本科，研究生，博士后和初级教师级别的学生和年轻科学家的培训。参与该项目的机构已经培训了每种类型的大量学生，包括来自少数群体。他们在进行基础研究过程中接受的培训还导致了从医学物理学到国家安全的各个领域的职业，除了继续从事基本物理学研究。缪斯实验将通过在国际实验室的国际合作中工作来扩大美国学生的观点，这将有效地成为下一代全球著名科学家的准备。由于对质子半径难题的广泛兴趣，缪斯有可能在当前的科学界广泛鼓舞人心。实验使用了混合的电子，兆束和旋钮。 该测量需要高精度和小的系统错误。该项目将构建和测试检测器系统的组件。 其中包括闪烁纤维探测器，以测量传入颗粒的轨迹，用于颗粒识别的Cerenkov探测器，用于精确定位的GEM检测器，用于测量散射颗粒轨迹的稻草管检测器以及用于散射颗粒颗粒鉴定的scintillation探测器。 另外，将开发出液态氢靶。 这些检测器的开发和测试将证明可以获得所需的精度。