Studies in Elementary Particle Physics

基本粒子物理研究

• 批准号: 1404302
• 负责人: Morris Swartz
• 金额: $ 180万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-15 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1404302&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Studies; Elementary; Particle; Physics

One of the major intellectual achievements of the 20th century was the development of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. This model succeeded in classifying all of the elementary particles known at the time into a hierarchy of groups having similar quantum properties. The validity of this model to date was recently confirmed by the discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. However, the Standard Model as it currently exists leaves open many questions about the universe, including such fundamental questions as to why the Higgs mass has the value it has. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the premier Energy Frontier particle accelerator operating at the CERN laboratory near Geneva Switzerland. It is currently one of the foremost facilities for answering these Beyond the Standard Model questions and studying the properties of the Higgs boson. The work proposed here will continue the pioneering effort that this group did in the discovery of the Higgs by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at CERN. They have been a leader in the study of Higgs properties, and have developed important tools used by the community as a whole. The group led the work on the 4-lepton decay channel in the discovery of the Higgs. One of the innovations developed by this group is known as the Matrix Element Likelihood Approach (MELA), an analysis technique that allowed CMS to determine the quantum numbers of the Higgs. The work proposed here will expand that technique, applying it to the new higher energy data that will soon be delivered by the LHC and use it in new searches for physics beyond the Standard Model.This project would also support technical contributions to the operation of the CMS detector and to the study of new detector technology for high luminosity upgrades of the LHC. The operational contributions are based on techniques that are currently in use or are derived from those currently in use. The contributions to the study of detector upgrades are based on tools that were developed to support the present operation.Broader Impacts:The impact of the proposed research program reaches beyond the narrow definition of particle physics. The proposed work on active pixel detector technology has application to instrumentation used at synchrotron light sources to study materials and biological systems. The proposed research has a strong educational component. It provides direct support and training for a number of students. In particular, the testing of prototype detectors for future upgrades would provide a diversity of experiences that are not otherwise available to young scientists working in particle physics. The PI's group is the host of a QuarkNet center that has a current membership of 25 Baltimore area high school teachers. The QuarkNet Center has initiated and helped to organize a very successful series of regional Physics Fairs that have brought science to thousands of area residents.

20 世纪的主要智力成就之一是粒子物理学标准模型 (SM) 的发展。该模型成功地将当时已知的所有基本粒子分类为具有相似量子特性的群的层次结构。最近，欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机发现的希格斯玻色子证实了该模型迄今为止的有效性。然而，目前存在的标准模型留下了许多关于宇宙的问题，包括诸如希格斯质量为何具有其价值的基本问题。大型强子对撞机 (LHC) 是首屈一指的能源前沿粒子加速器，在瑞士日内瓦附近的 CERN 实验室运行。 它是目前回答这些超越标准模型问题和研究希格斯玻色子特性的最重要的设施之一。 这里提出的工作将继续该小组在通过欧洲核子研究中心的紧凑介子螺线管（CMS）实验发现希格斯粒子方面所做的开创性努力。他们一直是希格斯玻色子特性研究的领导者，并开发了整个社区使用的重要工具。该小组领导了希格斯玻色子发现过程中 4 轻子衰变通道的研究工作。该小组开发的一项创新被称为矩阵元似然法 (MELA)，这是一种分析技术，允许 CMS 确定希格斯粒子的量子数。这里提出的工作将扩展该技术，将其应用于大型强子对撞机即将提供的新的更高能量数据，并将其用于标准模型之外的新物理搜索。该项目还将支持对大型强子对撞机运行的技术贡献CMS探测器以及研究用于LHC高光度升级的新探测器技术。业务贡献基于当前使用的技术或源自当前使用的技术。对探测器升级研究的贡献是基于为支持当前操作而开发的工具。更广泛的影响：拟议研究计划的影响超出了粒子物理学的狭义定义。拟议的有源像素探测器技术工作可应用于同步加速器光源的仪器，以研究材料和生物系统。拟议的研究具有很强的教育意义。它为许多学生提供直接支持和培训。特别是，对未来升级的原型探测器进行测试将提供多种经验，而这些经验对于从事粒子物理学工作的年轻科学家来说是无法获得的。 PI 的小组是 QuarkNet 中心的东道主，该中心目前拥有 25 名巴尔的摩地区高中教师。 QuarkNet 中心发起并帮助组织了一系列非常成功的地区物理博览会，为数千名地区居民带来了科学。