Studies in Elementary Particle Physics

基本粒子物理研究

• 批准号: 0457374
• 负责人: Morris Swartz
• 金额: $ 167.5万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-15 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0457374&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Studies; Elementary; Particle; Physics

Funds are requested to support a program of experimental particle physics research at the world's highest energy hadron colliders. The program involves the continuing collaboration in the CDF experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron and the CMS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The CDF experiment is currently in a data-taking phase and is expected to run for a number of years. The CMS experiment is being prepared to begin operation in 2007. The proposed program has considerable intellectual merit. The scientific goals of the program are to determine the source of spontaneous symmetry breaking and to make precise heavy quark measurements that constrain physics beyond the Standard Model. The proposed program is beginning at the lower luminosity and energy at the Tevatron where the short term goals are to study heavy quark physics. Many theoretical mechanisms of spontaneous symmetry breaking include states that preferentially decay into heavy quarks or other long-lived states. If the luminosity of the Tevatron increases significantly, the search for new states related to spontaneous symmetry breaking may become feasible and will rely on techniques associated with heavy flavor physics. Current theoretical ideas suggest that mechanisms of spontaneous symmetry breaking should manifest themselves at the LHC. For hardware, the JHU group has chosen to contribute to the silicon-based vertex tracking of both experiments. The silicon technology permits the identification of long-lived states by searching for secondary vertices displaced from the primary vertex. JHU has contributed to the hardware, software, commissioning, and calibration of silicon strip vertex detectors for CDF. Similar contributions are proposed for the forward pixel tracking system of CMS, particularly in the areas of sensor development, system design, infrastructure, and software. JHU has created an N-tiered database for CDF that will have direct application to CMS and other experiments. A number of studies of heavy quark states with the moderate statistics are currently available at CDF. Results of these analyses are the first step in continuing studies that may eventually give new insight into the origin of the matter dominance in the universe and may contribute to the understanding of the origin of mass. The impact of the proposed research program reaches beyond particle physics. The proposed work on active pixel detector technology has application to instrumentation used at synchrotron light sources which study materials and biological systems. The pixel simulation code developed by the JHU group may have applications in astronomy in the understanding and optimization of infrared detectors used in satellite-borne telescopes. The proposed work on distributed databases has strong overlap with work being done by JHU colleagues for several large astronomy projects. Distributed databases are another internet-based technology that could have far-reaching application in all sectors of the society. In addition, the proposed research has a strong educational component. It provides direct support and training for a number of graduate and undergraduate students. JHU hosts a QuarkNet center which has a current membership of 11 Baltimore area high school teachers. There is a plan to work on a user friendly web interface that will permit high school students to submit particle physics queries to the Open Science Grid. The JHU QuarkNet Center has initiated an annual regional Physics Fair.

要求资金支持世界上最高能量黑岩山谷的实验粒子物理研究计划。该计划涉及Fermilab Tevatron的CDF实验中的持续合作，以及CERN大型强子对撞机（LHC）的CMS实验。 CDF实验目前处于数据研究阶段，预计将运行多年。 CMS实验正在准备在2007年开始运营。拟议的计划具有相当大的智力优点。该计划的科学目标是确定自发对称性破坏的来源，并进行精确的重型夸克测量值，从而限制了物理超出标准模型。拟议的程序始于较低的亮度和能量，在短期目标是研究重型夸克物理学的情况下。 自发对称性破坏的许多理论机制包括优先腐烂到重型夸克或其他长寿状态的状态。 如果Tevatron的发光度大大增加，则寻找与自发对称性破坏有关的新状态可能会变得可行，并将依赖于与重型风味物理学相关的技术。当前的理论思想表明，自发对称性破坏的机制应在LHC上表现出来。 对于硬件，JHU组选择为两个实验的基于硅的顶点跟踪做出贡献。硅技术允许通过寻找从主要顶点流离失所的二级顶点来识别长寿状态。 JHU为CDF的硅条顶点探测器的硬件，软件，调试和校准做出了贡献。提出了类似的贡献，即CMS的前向像素跟踪系统，尤其是在传感器开发，系统设计，基础架构和软件领域。 JHU创建了一个用于CDF的N层数据库，该数据库将直接应用于CMS和其他实验。 CDF目前可以对具有中等统计的重夸克州进行许多研究。这些分析的结果是继续研究的第一步，最终可能会对宇宙中物质主导地位的起源有了新的见解，并可能有助于理解质量的起源。 拟议的研究计划的影响超出了粒子物理。主动像素探测器技术的拟议工作已应用于研究材料和生物系统的同步加速器光源中使用的仪器。 JHU组开发的像素模拟代码可能在天文学中应用于对卫星传播望远镜中使用的红外探测器的理解和优化。在分布式数据库上的拟议工作与JHU同事为几个大型天文学项目所做的工作有着强烈的重叠。分布式数据库是另一种基于Internet的技术，可以在社会的所有领域都具有深远的应用程序。此外，拟议的研究具有强大的教育成分。它为许多研究生和本科生提供了直接的支持和培训。 JHU主办了一个Quarknet中心，该中心目前拥有11名巴尔的摩地区高中教师的会员资格。有一个计划在用户友好的网络界面上工作，该界面将使高中生可以向开放的科学网格提交粒子物理查询。 JHU Quarknet中心已经开设了年度区域物理博览会。