Collaborative Research: What Role Do Glaciers Play in Terrestrial Sub-Arctic Hydrology?

合作研究：冰川在陆地亚北极水文学中发挥什么作用？

• 批准号: 1304684
• 负责人: Jing Zhang
• 金额: $ 8.23万
• 依托单位: North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1304684&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; What; Role; Do

This project will develop a comprehensive assessment of the glacier-permafrost-hydrology system in light of anticipated increases in glacier wastage and permafrost degradation with climate warming. Current limited understanding of the integrated effects of glaciers and permafrost on terrestrial hydrology inhibits quantification of the impact of cryospheric changes on arctic water resources. Glaciers in permafrost landscapes feed and recharge aquifers in otherwise semi-arid lowlands, which despite relatively low precipitation rates, contain extensive wetlands. The specific objectives of this study are to 1) assess the hydrologic pathways of glacier wastage within a watershed underlain by discontinuous permafrost through hydrologic and geochemical field measurements, 2) quantify the effect of glaciers and permafrost on recent historical (1960-present) hydrologic fluxes and storage by combining glacier mass balance, hydrologic, and geochemical field measurements with an existing heat- and mass transfer model that couples glacier mass balance to downstream hydrology, and 3) project the future hydrologic regime using custom-derived downscaled climate projections (5 km) for the Tanana River basin, Alaska. The major products of the project will include a quantification of the controls that govern the hydrologic processes in glacier- and permafrost affected watersheds.

该项目将根据预期的冰川浪费增加和气候变暖的冰川浪费和多年冻土降解，对冰川 - 冻土流水系统进行全面评估。 当前，对冰川和多年冻土对陆生水文学的综合作用的综合作用有限，会抑制cryosperic变化对北极水资源的影响的量化。多年冻土景观中的冰川饲料和其他半干旱低地的补给含水层，尽管降水速率相对较低，但含有广泛的湿地。 这项研究的具体目的是1）评估通过水文和地球化学田间测量的不连续果中的分水岭中冰川浪费的水文途径，2）2）量化冰川和多年佛罗斯特对最近历史（1960年至1960年）水文质量和储存量的水平和水平质量平衡的影响，并量化冰川的影响。将冰川质量平衡与下游水文结合在一起的传质模型，以及3）使用定制的降级气候预测（5 km）为阿拉斯加塔纳纳河盆地提供了未来的水文制度。 该项目的主要产品将包括量化控制冰川和多年冻土影响流域中水文过程的控制。