Collaborative Research: Geotechnical Extreme Events Reconnaissance (GEER) Association: Turning Disaster Into Knowledge

合作研究：岩土极端事件勘察 (GEER) 协会：将灾难转化为知识

• 批准号: 1266418
• 负责人: Jonathan Bray
• 金额: $ 41.57万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1266418&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Geotechnical; Extreme; Events

Documenting and learning from observations from "extreme events" are invaluable to advancing the state-of-art in multi-hazards engineering. Recorded observations serve as benchmarks to our understanding of the effects of these events, their underlying causative mechanisms, and for validation of design procedures. Capturing the key lessons learned from extreme events constitutes an important task for advancing research in geotechnical engineering, because many of the profession's design procedures are based on empirical methods that require re-evaluation as important case histories emerge. The NSF-sponsored Geotechnical Extreme Events Reconnaissance (GEER) Association organizes and supports reconnaissance efforts by geotechnical researchers and develops techniques to capture perishable data to learn from these events. The primary objectives of GEER include documenting geotechnical effects of important extreme events to advance research, employing innovative technologies for post-event reconnaissance, and advancing the capabilities of individuals performing research based on field observations. Much of the data generated by extreme events is perishable and therefore must be collected soon after the event. The challenge is to develop the most effective means for documenting the results of a full-scale experiment that has occurred without much warning, if any. Since 2006, GEER has successfully documented the geotechnical effects of 19 extreme events, including Hurricane Gustav in 2008, the 2011 Lower Mississippi River Floods, and the recent earthquakes in Haiti, Chile, New Zealand, and Japan. Many GEER reconnaissance efforts have led to funded research projects, demonstrating that GEER reconnaissance efforts are identifying important research issues that can lead to advancements in science and engineering. Many of the innovative techniques employed in recent reconnaissance efforts, such as the utilization of GoogleEarthTM, GPS devices, remote sensing, and LIDAR, were initiated by GEER members. GEER is well positioned to make similar further advancements with respect to the use of new technology and communication approaches in reconnaissance.This award provides funds for continuation of GEER activities to enable quick, responsive geotechnical investigations of natural and human-made disasters. It is expected that two to four investigations of moderate-sized events would be conducted each year. If a large event occurs, GEER would recommend funding of a RAPID to an identified GEER team to respond effectively to this larger event. Unfortunately, extreme events will happen. It would be even more unfortunate if the engineering profession did not capture the perishable data that enables it to understand which design procedures result in good seismic performance and which procedures still need improvement. GEER with its willing geo-professional participants will help turn disasters into knowledge.

从“极端事件”中记录和学习，对于推进多危害工程中的最先进是无价的。 记录的观察结果是我们对这些事件的影响，其基本因果机制以及验证设计程序的影响的基准。 从极端事件中汲取的关键课程构成了推进岩土工程研究的重要任务，因为该行业的许多设计程序都是基于需要重新评估的经验方法，因为重要的案例历史是出现的。 NSF赞助的岩土极端事件侦察公司（GEER）协会组织并支持岩土技术研究人员的侦察工作，并开发技术以获取可腐烂的数据以从这些事件中学习。 盖尔的主要目标包括记录重要极端事件的岩土技术效应以推进研究，采用创新技术进行事后侦察，并促进基于现场观察进行研究的个人的能力。 极端事件产生的许多数据都是可腐烂的，因此必须在事件发生后不久收集。 面临的挑战是开发最有效的手段，以记录在没有太多警告的情况下发生的全面实验结果（如果有的话）。 自2006年以来，盖尔（Geer）成功地记录了19种极端事件的岩土技术影响，包括2008年的古斯塔夫飓风，2011年密西西比河下河洪水以及最近在海地，智利，新西兰和日本的地震。 许多Geer侦察工作已经导致了资助的研究项目，表明Geer侦察工作正在确定可能导致科学和工程学进步的重要研究问题。 Geer成员启动了最近侦察工作中使用的许多创新技术，例如使用GoogleArthTM，GPS设备，遥感和激光雷达。 盖尔（Geer）在侦察中使用新技术和沟通方法方面的进一步进一步有效。该奖项为继续盖尔活动提供资金，以实现对自然和人为灾难的快速，响应式响应式的岩土研究。 预计每年将对中等大小的事件进行两到四次调查。 如果发生大型事件，Geer会建议为确定的Geer团队快速提供资金，以有效地应对这一较大的事件。不幸的是，极端事件将发生。 如果工程专业人士没有捕获使其能够了解哪些设计程序会导致良好的地震性能以及哪些程序仍然需要改进的可腐烂数据，那将是更不幸的。 盖尔（Geer）与愿意的地理专业参与者将有助于将灾难变成知识。