RAPID/Collaborative Research: Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Properties of the Ahr Valley and Their Role in Structural Damage During Recent Flooding

快速/合作研究：阿尔河谷的岩土工程和地质环境特性及其在近期洪水期间结构破坏中的作用

• 批准号: 2213715
• 负责人: Nina Stark
• 金额: $ 3.61万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-15 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2213715&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Geotechnical; Geoenvironmental

This Grant for Rapid Response Research (RAPID) award will focus on collecting and processing high resolution, perishable data on the spatial distribution of erosive and depositional patterns in the vicinity of infrastructure and river sections that were affected during the 2021 Western European Floods. These data will be interrogated to provide insight into how channel geometry, flow conditions, the presence of debris, and geotechnical properties affect performance of engineered structures interacting with extreme floods. This is relevant in the context of global climate change where extreme flooding is expected to occur more frequently and at larger magnitudes. Many of the modern structures that were damaged during the flooding in Germany are similar to structures found across the United States and knowledge gained from studying this flooding event will be transferable to the built environment in the United States. Data generated during the project can provide support to update infrastructure design and flood mitigation strategies to meet future demands intensified by climate change.The specific goal of this research is to provide new data and knowledge on the impact of extreme flooding events on infrastructure and the effects of urban land usage and environmental conditions. Through this data collection, a detailed set of case studies that document sediment dynamics in the vicinity of infrastructure and in urban river sections will facilitate identification of features and processes that potentially influence performance of engineered structures during extreme flooding. Geophysical field measurements in the riverbed will include rotary side scan sonar, high resolution chirp sonar, and single beam sonar. This will enable collection of channel bathymetry and sediment stratigraphy, which may reveal novel information on if or how changes in substrata in the upper meter of the river bed play a significant role in sediment mobilization and instability during extreme hydraulic events. Both ground-based and airborne LiDAR surveys will provide high-resolution, 3D models of the riverbanks and surrounding structures, enabling assessment of potential interaction between erosive patterns and structural damage. Multispectral images will be collected using drone-based technology to identify broader erosive and depositional patterns. Geotechnical field measurements will include pocket free fall penetrometer, pocket erodometer, field vane shear, and field fall cone measurements in addition to sample collection for laboratory measurements. The geotechnical observations, coupled with the geophysical and remote sensing data, will enable a comprehensive assessment of how sediments were eroded and transported near engineered structures.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项授予快速响应研究的赠款（快速）奖项将着重于收集和处理高分辨率，关于在2021年西欧洪水期间受影响的基础设施和河流区域中侵蚀性和沉积模式空间分布的可腐烂数据。这些数据将受到质疑，以洞悉通道几何形状，流动条件，碎片的存在以及岩土特性如何影响与极端洪水相互作用的工程结构的性能。这在全球气候变化的背景下有意义，因为预计极端洪水会更频繁地发生，并且幅度更大。在德国洪水期间损坏的许多现代结构类似于美国在美国发现的结构，研究此洪水事件所获得的知识将转移到美国的建筑环境中。项目期间产生的数据可以提供支持，以更新基础设施设计和缓解洪水的策略，以满足气候变化加剧的未来需求。这项研究的具体目标是提供有关极端洪水事件对基础设施的影响以及城市土地使用和环境条件的影响的新数据和知识。通过此数据收集，一组详细的案例研究记录了基础设施附近和城市河流区域中的沉积物动态，将有助于识别特征和过程，这些特征和过程可能会影响极端洪水期间工程结构的性能。河床中的地球物理场测量将包括旋转侧扫描声纳，高分辨率Chirp声纳和单束声纳。这将使通道测深和沉积物地层的收集收集，这可能揭示了有关河床上层仪表中的底层的变化或如何在极端液压事件中的沉积物动员和不稳定性中起重要作用。地面和机载激光雷达调查都将提供河岸和周围结构的高分辨率3D模型，从而评估侵蚀模式和结构损害之间的潜在相互作用。多光谱图像将使用基于无人机的技术收集，以识别更广泛的侵蚀和沉积模式。除了用于实验室测量的样品收集以外，岩土野外测量还包括无袖子秋季渗透仪，口袋侵蚀仪，叶片叶片剪切和田落锥测量。岩土工程观察，再加上地球物理和遥感数据，将能够对如何在工程结构附近侵蚀和运输沉积物进行全面评估。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过该基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响来评估的支持，并被认为是值得的。

项目成果

Multispectral Imaging for Identification of High-Water Marks in Postdisaster Flood Reconnaissance

灾后洪水勘察中识别高水位线的多光谱成像

• DOI: 10.1061/nhrefo.nheng-1735
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Natural Hazards Review
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Gardner, Michael;Nichols, Elliot;Stark, Nina;Lemnitzer, Anne;Frost, David
• 通讯作者: Frost, David