Assessment of the Performance of the Ground and Facilities at Wellington Port during Three Earthquakes

三次地震期间惠灵顿港地面和设施的性能评估

基本信息

批准号：
1956248
负责人：
Jonathan Bray
金额：
$ 48.04万
依托单位：
University of California-Berkeley
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-04-01 至 2025-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1956248&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Assessment Performance Ground Facilities Wellington

项目摘要

Ports are critical economic assets and their resilience is necessary for the security of our Nation. Many ports are in seismically active areas, which could be damaged and lose operational readiness after an earthquake. Research on liquefaction effects on ports is vitally important in the U.S. where the effects of liquefaction like those observed at Wellington Port, New Zealand after the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake could kill people and cripple commerce. As widely used liquefaction evaluation procedures are largely empirically based, it is crucial that well-documented, insightful liquefaction case histories be investigated thoroughly. There remain several important issues to explore such as gravel and silt liquefaction and their effects on port facilities. The rich Wellington Port dataset provides an exceptional opportunity to advance the understanding of soil liquefaction effects, to develop more robust simplified procedures, and to evaluate the capabilities of advanced models and simulations to discern the seismic performance of critical port facilities. Wellington Port provides the opportunity for an integrated study of port facilities at a degree of detail and level of complexity that could not be performed in the U.S. due to security restrictions. The similarity of its liquefaction hazards and infrastructure with those in the U.S. means that the research findings will be directly transferable to the U.S. Lessons learned will be incorporated in recommendations for assessing the effects of liquefaction on port facilities built on reclaimed land. Simplified liquefaction evaluation procedures provide useful insights, but they cannot explain the different levels of liquefaction-induced ground and facility damage during the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake at Wellington Port. The effects of this event and the less damaging 2013 Cook Strait and Lake Grassmere earthquakes warrant further study. Performance-based earthquake engineering requires analytical tools that can discern varying levels of seismic performance. These earthquakes, with their excellent ground motion recordings, their well-documented performance of port facilities, and subsequent fieldwork to characterize the soil conditions, which includes gravel that liquefied, provide an exceptional opportunity to advance understanding. Documenting and learning from field case histories of gravel liquefaction are especially important, as few of these cases exist. The research goals are to: a) investigate liquefaction triggering of the Thorndon fill with up to 70% gravel-size material; b) investigate the lack of liquefaction manifestation at silty soil sites at the port; c) develop a new probabilistic method for estimating post-liquefaction volumetric settlement; d) develop and back-analyze case histories of port facilities undergoing different levels of liquefaction-induced ground failure; and e) transfer knowledge. These goals are realized through a research plan that: (1) develops and interprets well-documented case histories of ground performance for three soil conditions at the port: gravel fill, silty soil, and sand fill; (2) combines the Port’s lidar data with other case history data to develop a new probabilistic method for estimating volumetric reconsolidation ground settlement, which assesses uncertainty; (3) develops and back-analyzes seven well-documented case histories of port facility performance to evaluate the importance of soil-structure-interaction effects for wharves and buildings; and (4) performs outreach activities and develops guidance. The excellent case histories of ground and structural performance at Wellington Port provide an exceptional opportunity to develop new methods that capture the observed differing levels of performance during the earthquakes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

港口是重要的经济资产，其复原能力对于我们国家的安全至关重要。许多港口位于地震活跃地区，地震后港口可能会受损并失去运营准备状态，这对于美国来说至关重要。 2016 年凯库拉地震后在新西兰惠灵顿港观察到的液化效应可能会导致人员死亡并削弱商业活动，因为广泛使用的液化评估程序主要是基于经验的，因此至关重要的是：详细记录的、富有洞察力的液化案例历史仍有待探索，例如砾石和淤泥液化及其对港口设施的影响，丰富的惠灵顿港数据集为促进对土壤液化效应的理解提供了绝佳的机会。开发更强大的简化程序，并评估先进模型和模拟的能力，以识别关键港口设施的抗震性能，为对港口设施进行详细程度和复杂程度的综合研究提供了机会。由于安全限制，该研究无法在美国进行。其液化危害和基础设施与美国相似，这意味着研究结果将直接转移到美国。吸取的经验教训将纳入评估液化对环境影响的建议中。简化的液化评估程序提供了有用的见解，但无法解释 2016 年凯库拉地震期间液化引起的不同程度的地面和设施损坏。这次事件以及破坏性较小的 2013 年库克海峡和格拉斯米尔湖地震的影响值得进一步研究。基于性能的地震工程需要能够通过出色的地面运动记录来识别不同程度的地震性能的分析工具。其详细记录的港口设施性能以及随后表征土壤条件（包括液化砾石）的实地工作，为加深对砾石液化现场案例历史的记录和学习提供了绝佳的机会。尤其重要的是，这些案例很少存在：a) 调查 Thorndon 填充物中含有高达 70% 砾石尺寸的材料时的液化触发情况；b) 调查港口粉质土壤现场缺乏液化表现。 c) 开发一种新的概率方法来估计液化后体积沉降； d) 开发和反分析经历不同程度的液化引起的地面故障的港口设施的案例；以及 e) 转移；这些目标是通过一项研究计划实现的，该计划：(1) 开发和解释港口三种土壤条件的地面性能案例：砾石填充、粉质土壤和沙子填充；(2) 结合港口的情况；将激光雷达数据与其他案例历史数据结合起来，开发一种新的概率方法来估计体积再固结地面沉降，从而评估不确定性；(3) 开发并反向分析七个有据可查的港口设施绩效案例历史，以评估土壤-结构-相互作用效应对码头和建筑物的重要性；(4) 开展外展活动并制定指导。惠灵顿港的地面和结构性能的优秀案例为开发捕获观察到的不同水平的新方法提供了绝佳的机会。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Post-Liquefaction Free-Field Ground Settlement Case Histories

液化后自由场地面沉降案例历史

DOI：
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
International Journal of Geoengineering Case Histories
影响因子：
0
作者：
Olaya, Franklin R.;Bray, Jonathan D.
通讯作者：
Bray, Jonathan D.

Sensitivity of CPT-based liquefaction assessment to sleeve friction depth correction

基于 CPT 的液化评估对套筒摩擦深度修正的敏感性

DOI：
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Proc. 20th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering
影响因子：
0
作者：
Dhakal, R.;Bray, J.D.;Cubrinovski, M.
通讯作者：
Cubrinovski, M.

Strain Potential of Liquefied Soil

液化土的应变势