Validation of the Child Affective Facial Expressions Set (CAFE)

儿童情感面部表情集 (CAFE) 的验证

• 批准号: 1247590
• 负责人: Vanessa LoBue
• 金额: $ 27.45万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University Newark
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1247590&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Validation; Child; Affective; Facial; Expressions

Emotional facial expressions are very special for us as humans. We might see hundreds of faces in the course of a day and millions in the course of a lifetime. They can tell us when a situation is safe or risky, and they can give us important information about how to behave in everyday social interactions. Many researchers interested in studying human emotions rely on sets of photographs of adults posing the various emotional facial expressions. Although these sets provide us with a useful tool for studying emotions, they are limited in that they generally only include photographs of one specific demographic -- namely Caucasian adults. The current proposal introduces a brand new set of emotional facial expressions -- The Child Affective Facial Expression set (CAFE). The CAFE set includes photographs of 190 preschool children posing for 6 basic emotions -- sadness, happiness, surprise, anger, disgust, and fear -- plus a neutral expression. The set is also racially and ethnically diverse, featuring Caucasian, African American, Asian, Latino (Hispanic), and South Asian (Indian / Bangladeshi / Pakistani) children. The proposed experiments are aimed at validating this set so that it can be disseminated to the greater research community. In two experiments, 4-5-, 6-7-, 8-9- and 10-11-year-old children and a group of adults will be asked to identify each facial expression in the set twice. From these ratings a validity score (the accuracy of each participant) and a reliability score (the consistency of each participant between the two ratings) will be calculated for each facial expression. Once the data have been collected, the CAFE set will be made available for free to the scientific community to use as a research tool. Given the prominence of research on emotional facial expressions, this stimulus set will promote scientific infrastructure and could contribute to several domains of psychological research, including developmental, social, cognitive, and clinical. Collectively the findings will result in a controlled, validated stimulus set of preschool-aged children making a variety of emotional facial expressions. Ultimately, research using this set could provide us with important insights into how we come to understand human emotions.

情感面部表情对于我们人类来说非常特别。我们可能在一天之内看到数百张面孔，在一生中可能看到数百万张面孔。它们可以告诉我们情况何时安全或有风险，并且可以为我们提供有关如何在日常社交互动中表现的重要信息。许多对研究人类情绪感兴趣的研究人员依赖于成年人摆出各种情绪面部表情的照片。尽管这些集合为我们提供了研究情绪的有用工具，但它们的局限性在于它们通常只包含特定人群（即白人成年人）的照片。当前的提案引入了一套全新的情感面部表情——儿童情感面部表情集（CAFE）。 CAFE 组包括 190 名学龄前儿童的照片，他们摆出 6 种基本情绪的照片——悲伤、快乐、惊讶、愤怒、厌恶和恐惧——以及中性表情。该场景在种族和民族上也是多样化的，包括白种人、非裔美国人、亚洲人、拉丁裔（西班牙裔）和南亚裔（印度/孟加拉国/巴基斯坦）儿童。拟议的实验旨在验证该集合，以便将其传播到更大的研究界。在两项实验中，4-5、6-7、8-9 和 10-11 岁的儿童和一组成年人将被要求识别该组中的每个面部表情两次。根据这些评级，将为每个面部表情计算有效性分数（每个参与者的准确性）和可靠性分数（每个参与者在两个评级之间的一致性）。收集数据后，CAFE 集将免费提供给科学界作为研究工具。鉴于情绪面部表情研究的重要性，这套刺激装置将促进科学基础设施的发展，并可能为心理学研究的多个领域做出贡献，包括发展、社会、认知和临床。总的来说，这些发现将导致学龄前儿童产生一系列受控的、经过验证的刺激，从而做出各种情绪性的面部表情。最终，使用这套数据集进行的研究可以为我们提供关于如何理解人类情感的重要见解。