Nanodroplets to nanoparticles: Integretated studies of freezing

纳米液滴到纳米粒子：冷冻的综合研究

基本信息

批准号：
1213959
负责人：
Barbara Wyslouzil
金额：
$ 47.84万
依托单位：
Ohio State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1213959&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Nanodroplets nanoparticles Integretated studies freezing

项目摘要

This award, funded by the Chemical Structure, Dynamics and Mechanisms program of the Division of Chemistry, supports the research of Prof. Barbara Wyslouzil and her students at The Ohio State University. The overarching goal of the proposed research is to explore the physics of freezing including the limits to which liquids can be supercooled, the transformation kinetics and the structure of the emerging solid phase. This research integrates experimental and molecular modeling. The specific experimental objectives include: 1) measurement of liquid-solid nucleation rates as nanodroplets freeze, 2) the exploration of the role of molecular structure on the relative importance of the surface versus bulk freezing and 3) the development to x-ray scattering techniques to follow the transformations in situ. Molecular modeling is used to understand the driving force for the surface freezing in chain-like molecules and to calculate liquid-solid nucleation rates to compare directly to the measured values. Freezing, or crystallization from the melt, is a fundamental physical process that plays a central role in a broad range of industrial and natural processes. Developing a deeper understanding of this phenomenon, measuring phase transition rates and exploring the role free surfaces play in freezing are all crucial for developing accurate models of industrial processes, atmospheric chemistry and global climate.In a broader context, this work develops novel applications of small angle scattering, aerosol spectroscopy, and molecular modeling techniques that address fundamental problems in aerosol science. The results stemming from this work are of interest to researchers in nucleation, polymer physics, materials science, and aerosol and cloud physics. The program provides a rich and varied research environment for students, from high school to graduate level that is highly interdisciplinary.

该奖项由化学部的化学结构，动力学和机制计划资助，支持俄亥俄州立大学芭芭拉·韦斯鲁齐尔（Barbara Wyslouzil）及其学生的研究。拟议的研究的总体目标是探索冻结的物理学，包括液体可以过冷的限制，转化动力学和新兴固相的结构。这项研究整合了实验和分子建模。特定的实验目标包括：1）测量液体固核的测量速率，纳米光冻结，2）探索分子结构对表面与散装冻结相对重要性的作用，以及3）对X射线散射技术的发展以遵循原位转换。分子建模用于理解链样分子中表面冷冻的驱动力，并计算液固化成核速率，以直接与测量值进行比较。从熔体中冻结或结晶是一个基本的物理过程，在广泛的工业和自然过程中起着核心作用。对这种现象有了更深入的了解，测量相变率并探索自由表面在冰冻中的作用，对于开发精确的工业过程，大气化学和全球气候的模型至关重要。在更广泛的环境中，这项工作开发出小角度散射，气溶胶光谱和分子建模技术的新型应用，这些技术解决了依此基本质量的问题。这项工作引起的结果吸引了成核，聚合物物理学，材料科学以及气溶胶和云物理学的研究人员。该计划为学生提供了丰富而多样化的研究环境，从高中到研究生水平，这是高度跨学科的。