Doctoral Dissertation Research: Kinship, Remittances and Redistribution

博士论文研究：亲属关系、汇款和再分配

• 批准号: 1123296
• 负责人: Eric Smith
• 金额: $ 1.02万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1123296&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Kinship; Remittances

Remittances are the money and other goods transferred between migrants and their communities of origin. Doctoral student Benjamin Hanowell, supervised by Dr. Eric Alden Smith of the University of Washington, will undertake research to investigate two previously unstudied aspects of remittance economies. First, how do kinship, gender and age together shape remitters' decisions about how much and to whom they remit? Second, how do kinship, gender and age interact with recipient household redistribution patterns to further shape remitters' decisions? These questions emerge from a fusion of anthropology with evolutionary theory about kin-based sharing and economic theory about labor migration. To address the research questions, Mr. Hanowell will conduct year long fieldwork in three villages of Saint David Parish, a rural locale of Dominica, a small Caribbean island nation, where remittance income is an important part of the local economy. Fieldwork will combine structured and in-depth interviews with detailed field notes and archival research. Interviews and field notes will provide information about individual remittance relationships, household and individual wealth, household composition, household conflicts, and village genealogy. Church vital records and village censuses will be used to estimate age patterns of birth and death over time. Statistical analysis will include: social network analysis to model remittance relationships as a function of kinship and control variables; and linear regression to compare observed remittances with predictions from competing quantitative models of kin-based sharing. In-depth interviews and ethnographic field notes will be coded for key themes and compared to statistical results for an enriched understanding of remittance patterns in Saint David Parish.This research will advance scientific understanding of remittances, a major source of income for poor, rural people in developing regions. It will also address several long-standing theoretical issues about kin-based sharing. So doing, it will test the extent to which long held notions of kinship and sharing in small-scale societies scale up to the global context of remittances. Finally, it will help Dominica's government to assess its long-term progress toward four United Nations Millennium Development Goals: reducing child mortality, reducing maternal mortality, reducing teen pregnancy, and understanding the special needs of small developing island nations.

汇款是移民与其原籍社区之间转移的钱和其他商品。由华盛顿大学埃里克·奥尔登·史密斯（Eric Alden Smith）指导的博士生本杰明·汉诺威尔（Benjamin Hanowell）将进行研究，调查汇款经济体以前未研究的两个方面。首先，亲属关系，性别和年龄如何形成汇率关于他们汇出多少和向谁的决定？其次，亲属关系，性别和年龄如何与接受者家庭再分配模式相互作用，以进一步塑造汇款的决定？这些问题来自人类学与有关基于亲属的共享和关于劳动移民的经济理论的进化理论的融合。为了解决研究问题，Hanowell先生将在三个村庄的三个村庄，这是多米尼加农村地区的三个村庄，这是加勒比小岛的一个小国，汇款收入是当地经济的重要组成部分。现场工作将结合结构化和深入的访谈与详细的现场注释和档案研究。访谈和现场笔记将提供有关个人汇款关系，家庭和个人财富，家庭组成，家庭冲突和乡村家谱的信息。教会重要的记录和乡村人口普查将随着时间的流逝估计出生和死亡的年龄模式。统计分析将包括：社交网络分析以建模汇款关系与亲属关系和控制变量的函数；和线性回归，以比较观察到的汇款与基于亲属共享的竞争定量模型的预测。深入的访谈和民族志现场笔记将被编码为关键主题，并将其与对圣维教区汇款模式的丰富理解的统计结果进行了比较。这项研究将提高对汇款的科学理解，这是发展贫困地区的主要收入来源。它还将解决有关基于亲属的共享的几个长期存在的理论问题。因此，它将测试长期以来一直保持亲属关系和小型社会共享概念的程度，直到全球汇款背景。最后，这将有助于多米尼加政府评估其对四个联合国千年发展目标的长期进展：降低儿童死亡率，降低孕产妇死亡，减少青少年怀孕以及了解小型发展中国家国家的特殊需求。