Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Tourism and Changing Paternal Investment among the Matrilineal Na

博士论文改进补助金：旅游业和父系投资的变化

• 批准号: 0717918
• 负责人: Eric Smith
• 金额: $ 1.48万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-15 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0717918&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Tourism

Graduate student Siobhan Mattison, supervised by Dr. Eric Alden Smith, will conduct research on kinship and paternal investment among the matrilineal Na of Southewest China. Heretofore, the Na, China's last existing matrilineal population,have been portrayed as a society without fathers or husbands. It has been claimed that men emphasize their roles as uncles and brothers and therefore take greater care of their sisters' children than of their own. However, Chinese tourists' fascination with this unusual social system has affected the Na's economy and increased exposure to Han (majority) Chinese values. This may be one reason that recent evidence suggests that now Na fathers do indeed provide care and financial support for their biological children. The researcher will use the evolutionary thoretical framework of human behavioral ecology to examine the relationship between individual Na parenting decisions and changing descent systems. She will conduct household censuses and do ethnographic surveys of two different Na communities, one with strong exposure to tourism and the other without. She also will employ systematic behavior observation techniques, such as focal follows, to systematically and quantiatatively evaluate male investment in their offspring. Her data will allow her test seven hypotheses about the causes and consequences of variability in paternal care, including whether the emergence of a market economy, in the form of income from ethnic tourism, affects the distribution of resources by, and partnering preferences of, Na men. The research is important because it is one of the first quantitative analyses of how individual-level attributes interact with local markets to affect kinship and family practices. This research will inform debates about the nature of human family composition by clarifying the roles of social and economic factors in reproductive and parenting decisions. The findings also will help resolve controversies about Na social organization. The research also will contribute significantly to the education of a social scientist.

由Eric Alden Smith博士监督的研究生Siobhan Mattison将对Southewest China的母系NA中的亲属关系和父亲投资进行研究。迄今为止，中国是中国现有的母系人口，已被描绘成一个没有父亲或丈夫的社会。据称，人们强调自己作为叔叔和兄弟的角色，因此比自己的孩子更加照顾他们的姐妹的孩子。但是，中国游客对这种不寻常的社会体系的迷恋影响了NA的经济，并增加了对汉（多数）中国价值观的影响。这可能是最近证据表明，现在Na父亲确实为其亲生子女提供了护理和财政支持。研究人员将使用人类行为生态学的进化伪造框架来检查单个NA育儿决策与变化下降系统之间的关系。她将进行家庭人口普查，并对两个不同的NA社区进行民族志调查，一个社区强烈接触旅游业，另一个没有。她还将采用系统的行为观察技术（例如焦点之后）来系统地和定量评估男性在其后代的投资。她的数据将允许她的七个假设关于父亲护理中可变性的原因和后果的七个假设，包括以种族旅游业收入的形式出现市场经济的出现，会影响NA男性的资源分布和合作的偏好。这项研究很重要，因为它是关于个人级别属性如何与当地市场相互作用以影响亲属关系和家庭实践的第一个定量分析之一。这项研究将通过阐明社会和经济因素在生殖和育儿决定中的作用来为人类家庭组成的性质提供辩论。这些发现还将有助于解决有关NA社会组织的争议。 这项研究还将为社会科学家的教育做出重大贡献。