RAPID: DEBI-t: development of a Deep Exploration Biosphere Investigative Tool

RAPID：DEBI-t：深度探索生物圈调查工具的开发

• 批准号: 1059374
• 负责人: Katrina Edwards
• 金额: $ 16.2万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1059374&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; DEBI; development; Deep; Exploration

Understanding the distribution of deep life in the subsurface biosphere is a major challenge to advancing our understanding of the evolution life and ecosystems on Earth. To date, all methods developed to detect microbial life in the deep biosphere involve ex-situ analysis of recovered materials from boreholes. Materials are analyzed for microbial biomass by extracting cells or cellular components, or by application of dyes to samples and performing cell counts. This latter methodology being the most standard in the industry, and represents a very time and labor intensive hands-on by eye counting of fluorescent cells under a microscope. Current methods are highly laborious and inefficient processes that involve both cell loss and the loss of information about the mineralogical context that may have influence on the microbial ecology.To meet the challenges associated with detecting and quantifying microbial life within a natural matrix, The PI requests RAPID funding to develop a novel in-situ downhole logging tool for detecting microbial life in subseafloor boreholes. "Deep UV" (DUV) is an optical method that enables detection and imaging of single bacterial cells on natural and opaque surfaces, including assessment of bacterial density and distribution of single cells to biofilms over spatial scales ranging from centimeters to microns. DUV induces and detects native fluorescence (DUV) of organic components intrinsic to the cell or spore while avoiding autofluorescence interference from the substrate, enabling detection of bacteria at spatial scales ranging from tens of centimeters to micrometers - i.e., both communities of microbes and single cells.Broader Impacts This project Leverages $350K from outside sources. It is anticipated that this technology could become widely used as a tool for detection and mapping of subsurface remote life everywhere it may occur, becoming the "satellite imager" applicable to distal environments such as represented by the entire deep sea. A JPL/Caltech post-doc with expertise in microbial physiology and fluorescence spectroscopy will be supported.

了解地下生物圈中深层生命的分布是促进我们对地球上进化生命和生态系统的理解的主要挑战。迄今为止，在深层生物圈中检测微生物寿命开发的所有方法均涉及从钻孔中回收材料的现场分析。通过提取细胞或细胞成分或将染料应用于样品和执行细胞计数来分析材料的微生物生物量。后一种方法是该行业中最标准的方法，它代表了在显微镜下对荧光细胞的目光计数的时间和劳动密集型动手。 当前的方法是高度费力且效率低下的过程，涉及细胞损失和可能影响微生物生态的矿物学环境的信息的丢失。要应对与检测和量化自然基质中微生物寿命相关的挑战，PI请求是PI请求的快速资金来开发一种新型的现场下井记录工具，用于检测子膜钻孔中的微生物寿命。 “ Deep UV”（DUV）是一种光学方法，可以在天然和不透明表面上检测和成像，包括评估细菌密度以及单个细胞分布到从厘米到微米的空间尺度上对生物膜的分布。 DUV诱导和检测有机成分的天然荧光（DUV）固有的细胞或孢子固有的，同时避免了从底物的自动荧光干扰，从而可以在空间尺度上检测细菌的检测，范围从数十厘米到微细胞和单个细胞社区（即微骨社区），即BOADER影响该项目从外部来源利用35万美元。可以预料，该技术可能被广泛用作可能发生的任何地方的地下远程生命的工具，成为适用于远端环境的“卫星成像器”，例如由整个深海代表。将支持具有微生物生理和荧光光谱方面的专业知识的JPL/CALTECH后DOC。