Collaborative Research: Anthropological-Genomic Effects of European Colonization on Native North Americans

合作研究：欧洲殖民化对北美原住民的人类学基因组影响

• 批准号: 1025139
• 负责人: Ripan Malhi
• 金额: $ 16.57万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-15 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1025139&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Anthropological; Genomic; Effects

European colonists changed the natural, social and cultural environments of indigenous populations in North America. This project focuses on the effects of European colonization on Native North Americans through an approach that incorporates genomic analysis, computational-statistic methods, and integration with existing databases. The genomic and statistical analysis will be combined with historical and genealogical information to provide a substantive view of Native American evolutionary history and the colonization process. Inclusion of multiple communities from within individual geographic regions across North America will provide a basis for examining shared and distinctive aspects of the history of European colonization within each of these regions. The study examines the amount of non-Native ancestry in each group and the properties of events that contributed the non-Native ancestry to Native American communities. In addition, the study examines admixture-driven selection, that is, regions of the genome in which genomic signatures characteristic of non-Native American ancestry have an elevated frequency in Native Americans. This project serves as a model for understanding the genomic effects of European colonization in other parts of the world. This project works to create mutually beneficial and trusting relationships between Native American communities and scientific researchers. Central to this effort is a summer workshop for Native American students to discuss genomic research. In addition, two molecular anthropology students and one postdoctoral fellow will be trained in the latest genomic analyses. This project expands collaborations of researchers with an interest in studying important recent historical events in Native American history.

欧洲殖民者改变了北美土著人口的自然，社会和文化环境。 该项目通过一种结合了基因组分析，计算统计方法以及与现有数据库集成的方法，重点介绍欧洲殖民对北美本地人的影响。基因组和统计分析将与历史和家谱信息相结合，以提供对美洲原住民进化史和殖民化过程的实质性观点。 从北美各个地理区域内包含多个社区将为研究每个地区内欧洲殖民历史的共同和独特方面提供一个基础。 该研究检查了每个群体中非本地血统的数量以及为非本地血统贡献给美洲原住民社区的事件的特性。 此外，该研究研究了混合驱动的选择，即基因组的区域，在该区域中，非本地美国血统的基因组特征在美洲原住民中的频率升高。 该项目是理解欧洲殖民在世界其他地区的基因组影响的模型。该项目致力于建立美洲原住民社区与科学研究人员之间的互惠互利和信任的关系。 这项工作的核心是美国原住民学生讨论基因组研究的夏季研讨会。 此外，将在最新的基因组分析中对两名分子人类学专业的学生和一名博士后研究员进行培训。 该项目扩大了研究人员的合作，对研究美国原住民历史上最新的历史事件感兴趣。