SBIR Phase I: Low-cost Long-life Diamond Electrodes for Wastewater Treatment using Advanced Electrochemical Oxidation

SBIR 第一阶段：采用先进电化学氧化技术用于废水处理的低成本长寿命金刚石电极

• 批准号: 0945935
• 负责人: John Carlisle
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: ADVANCED DIAMOND TECHNOLOGIES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0945935&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Low; cost; Long

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project will develop boron-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) electrodes for electrochemical treatment/destruction of recalcitrant organics in industrial wastewater via direct anodic oxidation. Boron-doped diamond (BDD) film electrodes have generated considerable interest due to their ability to readily mineralize complex waste streams. Other treatment methods (e.g., reverse osmosis and activated carbon) simply concentrate toxins, which produces residuals requiring disposal in hazardous waste landfills or incinerators. UNCD provides many advantages over traditional diamond for electrodes (e.g., thin, low-stress, phase-pure films). UNCD films consist of phase pure, 2-5 nm grains with atomically abrupt grain boundaries. UNCD costs less than larger-grained BDD films, are resistant to grain-boundary ion transport, and exhibit lower stress. The objective of this project is to optimize the company?s existing boron-doped UNCD technology to develop low-cost, long-lifetime electrodes to enable wide-spread adoption of electrochemical wastewater treatment/destruction. The project will determine the effects of surface morphology, doping, substrate and processing methodology for UNCD electrodes to quantify costs, electrochemical performance and lifetime for wastewater treatment/destruction.The broader impact/commercial potential of this project is substantial. Thin, boron-doped UNCD films will reduce electrode resistive losses and thereby lower the overall power consumption for water treatment and other electrochemical applications of boron-doped diamond. Since water quality has a great impact on human health, enabling electrochemical water treatment through electrode lifetime improvements and reductions in power and capital costs would be both an attractive market opportunity and have a significant positive impact on healthcare and energy costs. The 2007 worldwide market for ozone, an alternative wastewater treatment technology, was $277 million and the available worldwide market for water treatment of all types in 2010 is expected to exceed $340 billion. The market for an improved electrochemical wastewater treatment/destruction technology for recalcitrant organics is expected to exceed the current size of the ozone wastewater treatment market. Leveraging a greater understanding of UNCD electrochemistry from this project would also enable alternative applications, including low-cost point-of-use or portable water or wastewater treatment, and water quality monitoring and bacterial disinfection to reduce the need for chlorine, in addition to applications in the area of MEMS-based biochemical sensors.

这项小型企业创新研究（SBIR）I阶段项目将通过直接阳极氧化在工业废水中开发用于电化学处理/重电有机物的电化学处理/破坏重电的有机物的电极。硼龙掺杂钻石（BDD）膜电极由于能够容易矿物质化复杂的废物流而引起了极大的兴趣。 其他治疗方法（例如，反渗透和活化的碳）只是浓缩毒素，这会产生需要处置有害废物垃圾填埋或焚化炉的残留物。 UNCD比传统钻石具有许多优势（例如，薄，低压力，相相膜）。 UNCD膜由纯相，2-5 nm晶粒和原子晶界组成。 UNCD的成本小于粒度BDD薄膜，对晶型离子传输具有抵抗力，并且表现出较低的应力。 该项目的目的是优化公司现有的硼掺杂UNCD技术，以开发低成本，长期的电极，以便广泛采用电化学废水处理/破坏。 该项目将确定UNCD电极的表面形态，掺杂，底物和处理方法的影响，以量化废水处理/破坏的成本，电化学性能和寿命。该项目的更广泛的影响/商业潜力是实质性的。稀薄的硼掺杂UNCD膜将减少电极电阻损失，从而降低水处理的总体功耗和硼掺杂钻石的其他电化学应用。 由于水质对人类健康有很大的影响，因此通过电极终生改善和降低电力和资本成本来实现电化学水处理，这既是有吸引力的市场机会，又对医疗保健和能源成本产生重大积极影响。 2007年全球臭氧的市场是一种替代性废水处理技术，为2.77亿美元，在2010年，所有类型的全球水处市场预计将超过3400亿美元。预计改进的电化学废水处理/破坏技术的市场预计将超过臭氧废水处理市场的当前规模。利用该项目对UNCD电化学的了解也将实现替代应用，包括低成本的使用点或便携式水或废水处理，以及水质监测和细菌消毒以减少对氯的需求，除了在MEM基于MEMS的基于MEMS的生物化学传感器领域。