MRI: Development of a Dynamically Adaptive Autonomous Antarctic Low-Power Geophysical Instrument Array for Space Science Research and Education

MRI：为空间科学研究和教育开发动态自适应自主南极低功率地球物理仪器阵列

• 批准号: 0922979
• 负责人: Calvin Robert Clauer
• 金额: $ 200万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0922979&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Dynamically; Adaptive; Autonomous

An interdisciplinary team of space scientists, computer scientists, and engineers will develop, test, and deploy a network of autonomous and dynamically adaptive, low-power geophysical measurement stations along the 40 degree magnetic meridian in the Antarctic. The network will consist of five new stations to be developed and manufactured over a four-year period. The goal is to provide an autonomous, low-power instrument platform capable of remote unattended operations in the Antarctic for at least three years. Each of the platforms will support a fluxgate magnetometer, an induction coil magnetometer, and a dual frequency GPS receiver. The new capabilities to be developed include (1) incorporation of an innovative new software-defined-radio based dual frequency GPS receiver capable of measuring ionospheric total electron content and scintillation characteristics, (2) dynamic adaptive data mining, (3) inter-station communication and dynamically adaptive data collection strategies, (4) a flexible interface to connect other low-power geophysical instruments, and (5) alternative satellite data retrieval and system control options. Scientific motivation for the network is driven by the value of establishing a magnetically conjugate chain to the already existing chain of magnetic observatories operated by the Danish Meteorological Institute along the west coast of Greenland. The conjugate arrays will enable global (from the Antarctic to the nominally conjugate regions in the Arctic) investigations of the complex, multi-scale, electro-dynamic system that comprises the space environment of Planet Earth. Transformative science is likely to result from these new data sets that enable the development of our understanding of the fully coupled solar wind - magnetosphere - ionosphere - atmosphere system that incorporates both hemispheres realistically. This is the next major step required in the development of global space weather models, and the observations that will be provided from this new facility are fundamental to the adequate validation of these models. Among its broader impacts, the new instrument platform will be of great value to other Polar geophysical measurement programs. The network will contribute data that are important to several major research initiatives of national importance including the NSF GEM, CEDAR programs, the National Space Weather Program, the NASA Living With a Star program, and the NASA THEMIS satellite program. Space weather affects a variety of technologies on which society relies, and there are increasing needs for reliable and accurate now-casts and forecasts of Space Weather. The data obtained from the network will be made available to researchers and students worldwide via web access through the Polar Experimental Network for Geospace Upper-atmosphere Investigations (PENGUIn) data portal. The project has an Education and Outreach component that, amongst others, will host 2 undergraduate students from minority institutions each summer to participate in the project. Graduate students will be employed by the project and mentored by the investigators on the project thus helping to prepare the next generation of geophysical scientists and engineers.

太空科学家，计算机科学家和工程师组成的跨学科团队将开发，测试和部署由南极40度磁性子午线的自主和动态自适应，低功耗的地球物理测量站网络。该网络将由五个新站组成，将在四年内开发和制造。目的是提供一个能够在南极至少三年内在南极进行远程无人值守的操作的自主，低功率仪表平台。 每个平台将支持通量磁力计，感应线圈磁力计和双频率GPS接收器。 要开发的新功能包括（1）结合创新的基于Radio的新软件定义的双重频率GPS接收器，能够测量电离层的总电子内容和闪烁特性，（2）动态适应性数据挖掘，（3）站立式沟通和动态适应性数据收集策略，（4）柔性的地理仪器（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）连接其他地理位置（4）（4）检索和系统控制选项。该网络的科学动机是由建立磁性缀合物链的价值驱动的，该链与格陵兰西海岸丹麦气象研究所经营的已经存在的磁性天文台链。共轭阵列将使全球（从南极到名义上的共轭区域）对复杂的多尺度，电力动力学系统的研究，包括构成星球地球的空间环境。这些新数据集可能会导致变革性科学，从而使我们对完全耦合的太阳能风能 - 电离层 - 电离层 - 大气系统的理解发展，这些系统实际上都结合了两个半球。 这是全球太空天气模型开发所需的下一个主要步骤，从该新设施提供的观察结果对于对这些模型的充分验证至关重要。 在其更广泛的影响中，新的仪器平台将对其他极地地球物理测量计划具有很大的价值。 该网络将贡献对几项国家重要性重要的重要研究计划重要的数据，包括NSF GEM，CEDAR计划，国家太空天气计划，NASA与Star计划生活以及NASA Themis Satellite计划。太空的天气会影响社会所依赖的各种技术，并且对可靠，准确的现在播种和对太空天气的预测的需求不断增加。从网络获得的数据将通过Web访问通过Polar Exparementional for Geospace高度层研究（Penguin）数据门户提供给全球研究人员和学生。该项目有一个教育和外展成分，除其他外，每年夏天将接待来自少数族裔机构的2名本科生，以参加该项目。研究生将受到该项目的雇用，并由研究人员对该项目进行指导，从而有助于为下一代的地球物理科学家和工程师做好准备。