The identification of novel biomarkers related to potential and acute threats: Dynamically evolving threat processing and attention bias in youth with anxiety

与潜在和急性威胁相关的新型生物标志物的识别：焦虑青少年的动态演变的威胁处理和注意偏差

• 批准号: 10231630
• 负责人: Peter James Castagna
• 金额: $ 6.6万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10231630
• 关键词: 14 year old; Acute; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Air; Anger; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Arousal; Attention; Base of the Brain; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Brain; Child; Childhood; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Psychology; Clinical Research; Cues; Data; Detection; Development; Disease; Electroencephalography; Etiology; Evaluation; Event; Event-Related Potentials; Eye; Frequencies; Fright; Functional disorder; Future; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Lead; Life; Maintenance; Mental disorders; Methods; Mydriasis; National Institute of Mental Health; Negative Valence; Neurosciences; Phenotype; Physiological; Prognosis; Quality of life; Reaction Time; Reporting; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; System; Time; Training; Translations; Treatment outcome; Update; Validation; Work; Youth; anxious; attentional bias; childhood anxiety; clinically significant; comorbidity; design; emerging adult; gaze; informant; innovation; insight; lens; multimodality; neuroimaging; novel; novel marker; personalized intervention; predictive marker; programs; relating to nervous system; response; systems research; trait; vigilance; visual tracking

PROJECT SUMMARY Childhood anxiety is often debilitating, which is particularly concerning given that longitudinal research suggests that a child’s functioning continues to decrease from childhood into early adulthood. Anxiety disorders are one of the most common childhood mental health disorders and lead to subsequent diminished quality of life and an increased likelihood of developing comorbid conditions. Abnormally elevated threat processing is the crux of the pathophysiology and maintenance of anxiety disorders. While there have been substantial efforts at understanding the underlying mechanisms of passive threat processing of static threat stimuli, very few studies have focused on dynamic threat processing of real-life threats which are rarely static; rather, threats are dynamic and constantly changing over time. Dr. Crowley’s recent research has aimed at bridging this knowledge gap in the current research. His lab has recently designed a dynamic threat processing game called the “Bomb.” The Bomb was designed to assess a more ecologically valid profile of neural responses to dynamically evolving threats among anxious youth. The Bomb is engaging for youth, developmentally sensitive, and calibrated for the detection of individual differences in dynamic threat processing. The game assesses youths’ processing of successive, naturally evolving threat contexts: vigilance for potential threats, followed by detection of direct or indirect acute threats, and an opportunity to reappraise indirect threats that do not require an immediate response. The overall goal of the current application is to examine the Bomb in anxious and non-anxious youth utilizing a multi-method approach integrating a number of biophysiological responses and behavioral reports (i.e., EEG, eye-tracking, pupillometry, behavior, and multi-informant phenotyping). I aim to establish reliable and valid biomarkers of anxiety in the processing of dynamically evolving threats, attention bias towards threat, and how these biomarkers relate to one another, and differ among anxious and non-anxious youth. The study will evaluate the Bomb by assessing 10- to 14-year-olds’ neural responses to dynamically evolving threat contexts, and to begin to unpack successive stages in a threat processing cascade and attention bias in youth anxiety. It is expected that the Bomb will provide important and essential insights into biomarkers contributing to the development and acquisition and maintenance of anxiety disorders. This work was designed to provide future application by informing the design of novel or personalized interventions for anxiety disorders targeting dynamic threat processing disruptions and attention bias. This study will deliver quantitative, developmentally informed brain-based biomarkers, for two key Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) negative valence constructs: Potential Threat and Acute Threat. The current proposal was constructed to be in line with the NIMH Strategic Plan Strategy 1.1 that includes identification and validation of novel assays to quantify changes in the activity of brain circuits.

项目摘要 童年动画经常使人衰弱，鉴于纵向研究表明，这尤其担心 从童年到成年初，孩子的功能一直在减少。焦虑症是一种 最常见的儿童精神健康障碍，并导致生活质量降低和 发展合并条件的可能性增加。症结正常的威胁处理异常 病理生理学和焦虑症的维持。尽管已经做出了巨大的努力 了解静态威胁刺激的被动威胁处理的潜在机制，很少有研究 专注于对现实生活中威胁的动态威胁处理，这些威胁很少是静态的。相反，威胁是动态的 随着时间的流逝，不断变化。克劳利博士最近的研究旨在弥合这一知识差距 当前的研究。他的实验室最近设计了一个名为“炸弹”的动态威胁处理游戏。这 炸弹旨在评估动态发展的神经反应的更生态有效的概况 焦虑青年的威胁。炸弹正在吸引青年人，开发敏感，并为 检测动态威胁处理中个体差异。该游戏评估了青年的处理 成功，自然发展的威胁环境：对潜在威胁的警惕，然后发现直接或 间接急性威胁，也是重新评估不需要立即的间接威胁的机会 回复。当前应用的总体目标是检查焦虑和不焦虑的炸弹 使用多方法方法整合了许多生物生理反应和 行为报告（即脑电图，眼睛跟踪，化学计量法，行为和多形式表型）。 旨在在动态发展的处理中建立可靠且有效的焦虑生物标志物 威胁，对威胁的关注偏见以及这些生物标志物如何相互关系 焦虑和非焦虑的青年。该研究将通过评估10至14岁的孩子来评估炸弹 神经对动态发展威胁环境的反应，并开始打开成功的阶段 威胁处理青年焦虑中的级联和注意力偏见。预计炸弹将提供 对生物标志物的重要和基本见解，为开发和获取做出贡献 维持焦虑症。这项工作旨在通过通知设计来提供未来的应用 针对动态威胁处理中断的新颖或个性化干预措施的焦虑症 注意偏见。这项研究将提供定量的，开发的知情的基于大脑的生物标志物，用于 两个关键的研究领域标准（RDOC）负价结构：潜在威胁和急性 威胁。当前的提案被构建为与NIMH战略计划策略1.1一致 包括对新发现的识别和验证，以量化脑电路活性的变化。