Collaborative Proposal: Polar Experiment Network for Geospace Upper-atmosphere Investigations -- PENGUIn: Interhemispheric Investigations along the 40 degree Magnetic Meridian

合作提案：地球空间高层大气调查极地实验网络——PENGUIn：沿 40 度磁子午线的半球调查

• 批准号: 1243398
• 负责人: Calvin Robert Clauer
• 金额: $ 66.66万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1243398&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; Polar; Experiment; Network

The overarching goal of this award is to study, together with the other coordinated PENGUIn projects, the multi-scale, complex global solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere electrodynamic natural system that can impact a variety of human technological systems in space and on the ground. To forecast and thus mitigate that impact, it is necessary to develop accurate physical models of the Sun-Earth system, which is a major goal of the National Space Weather Program. This goal is hampered, however, by the lack of sufficient data to validate global models, particularly in the Southern hemisphere. Therefore, deploying closely-spaced chain of geophysical instruments in the Antarctic makes possible geomagnetically conjugate multi-instrument studies utilizing data with high temporal and spatial resolution from both the Southern and Northern hemispheres. Important aspects of this investigation include (1) the utilization of a collaborative federation of space research instrument operators in both polar regions to improve spatial coverage and access to global data sets, (2) the deployment of autonomous low-power instrument systems along the 40 degree geomagnetic meridian in the Antarctic to improve the spatial distribution of the federated instrument arrays, and (3) near real-time access to the remote Antarctic station measurements through satellite telemetry. The developed technology could be used to support measurement programs in other geophysical disciplines. The project's data are important to several major research initiatives of national importance, including the NSF's GEM and CEDAR programs, the NASA's "Living With a Star" and THEMIS satellite programs, as well as the National Space Weather Program. The data sets will be made available to scientists worldwide via the World Wide Web access while stored in the PENGUIn program and THEMIS satellite databases. The project will train graduate students and post-docs with the development and operation of the deployed instruments, as well as with space weather science investigations. Use of these data to validate space weather models can provide benefit to society as a whole as it aides to protect various navigation, communications, and defense technologies from severe space weather events.

该奖项的总体目标是与其他协调的企鹅项目一起研究多尺度的，复杂的全球太阳能磁层层 - 电离层电层自然系统，该系统可能会影响太空中和地面上的各种人类技术系统。为了预测并减轻这种影响，有必要开发出太阳 - 地球系统的准确物理模型，这是国家太空天气计划的主要目标。但是，由于缺乏足够的数据来验证全球模型，尤其是在南半球，这一目标受到了阻碍。因此，在南极部署地球物理仪器的紧密间隔链使地磁结合了多个仪器研究，利用来自南半球和北半球的时间和空间分辨率的数据。这项调查的重要方面包括（1）在两个极地地区的太空研究仪器操作员的协作联合会的利用，以改善空间覆盖范围并访问全球数据集，（2）沿40度自主仪器系统在40度的自主仪器中部署自主仪器系统，以改善反art的空间分布，以改善近距离的空间分布，并（3）近距离分布的近距离分布，（3）卫星遥测。开发的技术可用于支持其他地球物理学科中的测量计划。该项目的数据对于包括NSF的GEM和Cedar计划，NASA的“与明星一起生活”和Themis卫星计划以及国家航天天气计划在内的几项重要的国家重要研究计划很重要。数据集将通过万维网访问在企鹅计划和Themis卫星数据库中存储在全球范围内的科学家使用。该项目将通过部署的工具以及太空天气科学调查的开发和运作来培训研究生和博士后。使用这些数据来验证太空天气模型可以为整个社会提供利益，以保护各种导航，通信和防御技术免受严重太空天气事件的影响。