Investigation of the Formation of Water and of the Growth of Ices on Dust Grain Analogues

尘埃颗粒类似物上水的形成和冰的生长的研究

• 批准号: 0908108
• 负责人: Gianfranco Vidali
• 金额: $ 52.85万
• 依托单位: Syracuse University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0908108&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Investigation; Formation; Water; Growth; Ices

AST-0908108VidaliThis award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).This project will investigate the formation of water molecules and the growth of ice in conditions that simulate the interstellar medium and planetary environments. Water is a well-recognized prerequisite for the complex chemistry linked to the emergence and sustainability of life, and yet little is known of how water molecules actually form, although it is clear that gas-phase reactions are inadequate to explain the observed abundance of water and water-ice in space. This challenging work exploits the group's expertise and unique laboratory techniques in areas such low fluxes of reactants, hydrogen and oxygen atomic beams, mass spectrometry, in-situ infrared spectroscopy, and surface characterization probes, and involves close collaboration with a theoretical team. The program will study the mechanism and rates of water formation on grains via hydrogenation reactions and interaction with energetic particles, measure the alteration of grains early in ice-mantle formation, determine how ices grow and the effect of photo-dissociation, and evaluate the competing reactions of H with O to form water, H with H to form molecular hydrogen, and H with CO to form various different molecules. The team will also determine the deuteration rate and pathways. Theoretical analysis will use the experimentally determined parameters to obtain reaction rates in space environment conditions.This research is widely valuable for interpreting results from current and future ground- and space-based telescopes, such as the Spitzer and Herschel satellites and the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. It will provide an unprecedented understanding of the formation of water and the growth of ices. The anticipated theoretical understanding will benefit all modelers of interstellar and planetary chemistry. The project provides students with an opportunity to work in an interdisciplinary field at the forefront of research in astrophysics, planetary science and surface science. The principal investigator in particular is very active in outreach programs sponsored by local and national organizations and provides a recognized nurturing environment to undergraduate and high-school students.

AST-0908108VIDALITHIS奖是根据2009年《美国回收与再投资法》（公法111-5）资助的。该项目将在模拟星际培养基和行星环境的条件下调查水分子的形成和冰的生长。 水是与生命的出现和可持续性有关的复杂化学反应的良好认可的先决条件，但对水分子的实际形成知之甚少，尽管很明显，气相反应不足以解释所观察到的空间中的水和水冰。 这项具有挑战性的工作利用了该小组的专业知识和独特的实验室技术，例如反应物，氢和氧原子束的低通量，质谱，现场红外光谱和表面表征探针，并涉及与一个理论团队的密切协作。 该计划将通过氢化反应和与能量颗粒的相互作用研究晶粒对晶粒的水形成的机制和速率，测量冰淇淋形成早期谷物的改变，确定冰的生长以及光散联的效果，并评估H与O与O与O形成水的竞争反应，以形成水，形成Molecular Bylecular Bylecular Bylecular氢气，并形成含Co co and Co and Co and Sroder Morecules。 团队还将确定脱位率和途径。 理论分析将使用实验确定的参数在太空环境条件下获得反应速率。这项研究对于解释当前和未来的基于地面和空间的望远镜的结果非常有价值，例如Spitzer和Herschel卫星以及Atacama大型毫米阵列。 它将对水的形成和冰的生长提供前所未有的理解。 预期的理论理解将使所有星际和行星化学的建模者受益。 该项目为学生提供了在天体物理学，行星科学和表面科学研究最前沿的跨学科领域工作的机会。 尤其是首席调查员在当地和国家组织赞助的外展计划中非常积极，并为本科和高中生提供了公认的培养环境。