Comparative phylogeography of Neotropical birds with cross-Andes distributions

跨安第斯山脉分布的新热带鸟类的比较系统发育地理学

基本信息

批准号：
0841729
负责人：
Robb Brumfield
金额：
$ 75万
依托单位：
Louisiana State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-02-15 至 2015-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0841729&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Comparative phylogeography Neotropical birds cross

项目摘要

Why is biological diversity so rich in the tropics? One piece of this puzzle may be found in patterns of bird distributions. In South America, the ranges of many lowland bird species are delimited by rivers and large mountain chains. For example, a birdwatcher on the east bank of the Negro River may observe the White-throated Toucan but, if they crossed to the west bank, they would instead find Cuvier's Toucan. A similar species turnover is noticed when crossing from the lowland rainforests west of the Andes to those east of the Andes. These distribution patterns suggest that the formation of rivers and mountains may have played pivotal roles in isolating populations of birds and driving evolutionary diversification in the tropics. This research will analyze genetic data from 125 tropical bird species to examine how rivers and mountains affected species formation and diversity.A vital component of this collaborative project is the research training it will provide to scientists in developing countries. With labwork and fieldwork planned in Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela, scientists from North and South America will be exposed to a diversity of natural environments and techniques. The collaborations will result in increased knowledge of how tropical diversity arises and is maintained, and how habitats should be preserved to maximize diversity.

为什么生物多样性在热带地区如此丰富？这个难题的一部分可以在鸟类分布的模式中找到。在南美，许多低地鸟类种类的范围是由河流和大型山脉界定的。例如，在黑人河东岸的一名观鸟者可能会观察到白喉的图can，但是，如果他们越过西岸，他们会找到库维尔的库坎。当从安第斯山脉以西的低地雨林越过安第斯山脉以东的人时，也发现了类似的物种营业额。这些分布模式表明，河流和山脉的形成可能在孤立的鸟类种群中扮演着关键的角色，并在热带地区推动进化多样化。这项研究将分析来自125种热带鸟类物种的遗传数据，以研究河流和山区如何影响物种形成和多样性。该协作项目的重要组成部分是它将为发展中国家的科学家提供的研究培训。随着计划在巴西，哥伦比亚和委内瑞拉计划的实验室和实地调查，来自北美和南美的科学家将接触到各种自然环境和技术。这些合作将导致人们对热带多样性的出现和维持方式以及应如何保留栖息地的知识，以最大程度地提高多样性。