Collaborative Research: Fire at the Intersection of Global Carbon and Water Cycles

合作研究：全球碳和水循环交叉点的火灾

• 批准号: 0758369
• 负责人: Natalie Mahowald
• 金额: $ 59.54万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-14 至 2012-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0758369&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Fire; Intersection; Global

Available estimates of the contribution of forest and wildfires on atmospheric carbon emission budgets may be as high as 40% of the global annual fossil fuel carbon emissions. Climate change scenarios, for example in fire prone regions such as the western continental United States, suggest elevated spring and summertime temperatures, reduced moisture through shorter snowpack melt duration which may lead to longer wildfire seasons acting over increasingly large areas. The premise advanced in this work to be conducted by a multi-disciplinary team of investigators is that fire may mediate several important feedbacks between the terrestrial carbon and water cycles, yet has not yet been seriously considered in coupled carbon-climate models. As well as the direct modulation of fire effects by precipitation, drought, soil moisture, together with a host of human activities ranging from land use changes, deforestation, pasture maintenance and agricultural practice, a range of biogeochemical and ecosystem feedbacks centered on the carbon and water cycles will be examined. The approach of this effort is to improve the representation of fire and fire-related processes within the specific framework of the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) Common Land Model Carbon and Nitrogen (CLM-CN) model, maintained and developed at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). As well as progress towards achieving several modeling objectives, this effort will combine a number of educational activities, programs and workshops with an explicit intent of contributing to future IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) assessments. This work is supported under the NSF Carbon and Water in the Earth System solicitation, an interdisciplinary funding opportunity from the Directorate of Geosciences.

森林和野火对大气碳排放预算的贡献的可用估计可能高达全球年度化石燃料碳排放量的40％。气候变化情景，例如在诸如美国西部大陆之类的火灾地区，表明春季和夏季温度升高，通过较短的雪堆融化持续时间降低了水分，这可能会导致较长的野火季节在越来越大的面积上作用。这项工作的前提是由一个多学科研究人员进行的，是，火可能会调解陆生碳和水周期之间的几种重要反馈，但尚未在耦合的碳气候模型中认真考虑。除了通过降水，干旱，土壤水分对火灾效应的直接调节，以及一系列人类活动，包括土地利用变化，砍伐森林，牧场维护和农业实践，以及一系列以碳和水周期为中心的生物地球化学和生态系统反馈。这项工作的方法是在社区气候系统模型（CCSM）的特定框架内改善与火灾相关的过程的表示，在国家大气研究中心（NCAR）维持和开发了公共土地模型碳和氮（CLM-CN）模型。 除了实现多个建模目标方面的进步外，这项努力还将将许多教育活动，计划和讲习班与明确贡献未来IPCC（气候变化范围内的IPCC）评估的明确意图相结合。这项工作得到了地球系统招标的NSF碳和水，这是地球科学局的跨学科资助机会。