Collaborative Proposal: Moored Observations of Turbulent Kinetic Energy Dissipation in and below the Mixed Layer during VOCALS

合作提案：VOCALS 期间混合层内外湍流动能耗散的固定观测

• 批准号: 0745442
• 负责人: Christopher Zappa
• 金额: $ 47.93万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-03-15 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0745442&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; Moored; Observations; Turbulent

Intellectual merit: One goal of the VOCALS (VAMOS Ocean Cloud Atmosphere Land Study; VAMOS is Variability of the American Monsoon System) Regional Experiment (REx) is to improve understanding of the processes controlling sea surface temperature (SST) in the Southeastern Pacific off the west coast of South America. A connected set of upper-ocean processes --- near-inertial internal waves, mesoscale eddies, and vertical mixing --- are hypothesized to be important influences on the regional SST field. The relationship of eddies and near-inertial waves to SST, surface forcing and upper-ocean dissipation are of broader interest, but coincident observations of these processes are rare and exist only over periods of a few weeks.This collaborative project will study the relationship of upper-ocean dissipation, near-inertial internal waves, and mesoscale eddies to SST in the VOCALS-REx study region over a period of one year. The project involves the enhancement of an existing, heavily instrumented air-sea interaction mooring with instruments to measure turbulent kinetic energy dissipation at six depths in the upper ocean and analysis of these observations in the context provided by the mooring record. The primary focus of the proposed research is on understanding how physical processes in the upper ocean impact SST in the VOCALS study region, but the results will be of broader scientific interest, as the observations will be unique and will allow insight into some outstanding scientific questions. Specifically, the following will be examined: (i) the relationship of velocity, hydrography, and turbulent dissipation within eddies in the VOCALS region; (ii) the temperature balance of the mixed layer; (iii) near-inertial kinetic energy balance in the mixed layer; and (iv) the influence of near-inertial oscillations on SST. Broader Impact: There are no time series of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation and its vertical profile in the surface mixed layer of the deep ocean spanning an annual cycle. Recent advances in instrumentation, battery longevity, and data storage capacity make such measurements possible now. The dissipation measurements, combined with the existing moored measurements of surface forcing and detailed profiles of stratification and velocity, will allow unprecedented study of the energy balance of mixed-layer near-inertial oscillations and the temperature balance of the mixed layer over a period of one year. A subject of great interest to those interested in the global ocean energy balance is the relative amount of wind-forced mixed-layer near-inertial kinetic energy that is dissipated locally compared to the amount of near-inertial energy that propagates to the deep-ocean. The episodic nature of wind-forced inertial oscillations makes a long-term study of their energetics desirable and necessary, and this will be the first such study that can directly address the relative contributions of wave radiation and mixed-layer dissipation to the loss of mixed-layer near-inertial kinetic energy from the mixed layer.This project also has a significant educational and outreach component. Presently at Columbia University and Barnard College, a number of course offerings expose students to principles of oceanography and applications of advanced environmental field methods. Focused teaching modules on global ocean-atmosphere interaction science problems will be developed to be incorporated into curricula. During the planned work, our experiments will offer unique opportunities for the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory?s Summer Intern Program in which talented undergraduates from around the world work on problems related to all aspects of environmental sciences. Results will be presented to the public through Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory's annual open house.

知识分子优点：人声的一个目标（Vamos Ocean Cloud Activere Land研究； VAMOS是美国季风系统的可变性）区域实验（REX）是提高对南美西部太平洋地区海面温度（SST）过程的理解。一组连接的上海洋过程---近乎惯性的内波，中尺度涡流和垂直混合 - 被认为是对区域SST领域的重要影响。 The relationship of eddies and near-inertial waves to SST, surface forcing and upper-ocean dissipation are of broader interest, but coincident observations of these processes are rare and exist only over periods of a few weeks.This collaborative project will study the relationship of upper-ocean dissipation, near-inertial internal waves, and mesoscale eddies to SST in the VOCALS-REx study region over a period of one year.该项目涉及增强现有仪器的空气互动与工具的系泊，以测量上海洋中六个深度的湍流动能耗散，并在系泊记录提供的上下文中对这些观察结果进行分析。拟议的研究的主要重点是了解人声研究区域中海洋影响SST的物理过程如何，但是结果将具有更广泛的科学意义，因为观察结果将是独一无二的，并且可以深入了解一些杰出的科学问题。具体而言，将检查以下内容：（i）人声区域内涡流中速度，水文和湍流耗散的关系； （ii）混合层的温度平衡； （iii）混合层中近乎惯性的动能平衡； （iv）近惯性振荡对SST的影响。更广泛的影响：没有时间序列的湍流动能耗散及其在深海的表面混合层中跨越年周期的垂直轮廓。仪器，电池寿命和数据存储能力的最新进展现在使这些测量成为可能。耗散测量，结合了表面强迫的现有系泊测量和分层和速度的详细概况，将允许对混合层近惯性振荡的能量平衡以及一年中混合层的温度平衡的能量平衡。对全球海洋能量平衡感兴趣的人非常感兴趣的主题是与近乎惯性能量相比，在本地消散的近乎惯性动能的相对量，该能量是在局部消散的。风能惯性振荡的发作性质使得对其能量学的期望和必要性进行了一项长期研究，这将是第一个这样的研究，可以直接解决波辐射和混合层耗散对混合固定能量损失的相对贡献。目前在哥伦比亚大学和巴纳德学院，许多课程提供了学生的海洋学原则和高级环境野外方法的应用。针对全球大气相互作用科学问题的重点教学模块将被开发为课程。在计划的工作中，我们的实验将为Lamont-Doherty地球观测站提供独特的机会，从世界各地的夏季实习生计划中，从世界各地的有才华的本科生致力于与环境科学的各个方面有关的问题。结果将通过Lamont-Doherty Earth天文台的年度开放日向公众展示。