Collaborative Research: Towards the Transparent Earth

合作研究：迈向透明地球

• 批准号: 0727726
• 负责人: Steven Glaser
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0727726&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Towards; Transparent; Earth

This project will install and operate a permanent seismic observatory illuminating the volume of the Homestake Mine DUSEL site from all six possible directions. We have chosen the Homestake site because it offers a unique opportunity - the large volume of mine working of the deepest mine in North America is surrounded and underlain by literally hundreds of open bore holes, which can affordably be instrumented with accelerometers. The project leverages the $32 million the State of South Dakota, and the $20 million the philanthropist Sanford are presently investing in reopening the Homestake Mine for research and education. The proposal brings strong backing from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), which is providing the research efforts of two leading seismologists, seismic instrumentation, and technical support.The seismic array will allow the community to image rapid dynamic changes in the rock mass. The near term goals are 1) acoustically monitoring the rock kinematics due to effective stress change during the mine dewatering, 2) acoustically monitoring events due to construction and other activities needed to ready the mine for opening, 3) prepare the infrastructure for larger-scale monitoring as the facility ramps up. In particular, the observatory will estimate the seismic parameters of events associated with the massive dewatering operation about to begin, excavation work, and various rock mechanics experiments, and estimate source kinematics caused by natural activity within or near the mine. Given the damage location of the event determined by the array, the rock mass can be back-excavated to find the source damage in the rocks. When found, a direct connection can be made between the damage process and seismic waves generated. As the understanding of the physical meaning of the recorded seismic waveforms increases, the operators will be able to assess the rock mechanics health of the facility in the laboratory areas, as well as in areas of the underground that are closed off for extended periods of time, without active entering of the possibly dangerous space - underground and mine safety. In addition, the surrounding array can be used to greatly improve our ability to detect and characterize underground structures and activity - security and detection of underground facilities. This has been a goal of our military and border defense since the end of the Korean war.As part of SDSTA, this observatory will provide a lifelong learning experience for all stakeholders - K-12 students and teachers, the hundreds of thousands of visitors passing through the Black Hills annually, under-represented groups in higher education, and the general student population. The observatory's outreach, through the South Dakota School of Mining and Technology, the South Dakota Science and Technology Authority, and near-by tribal colleges, will be deep and substantive. Two of these colleges already work closely with SDSM&T, and have become leaders in tribal science and mathematics education. The K-12 visitor programs will be coupled with summer teacher courses in which interested teachers are introduced to underground science at an appropriate level, providing them with the background they need to later explain the science to their students.

该项目将安装和操作一个永久的地震天文台，从所有六个可能的方向照亮霍姆斯塔克矿山点的体积。我们之所以选择霍姆斯特场地，是因为它提供了一个独特的机会 - 北美最深层矿山的大量工作被数百个开放式孔洞包围和延伸，可以用加速度计来仪器。 该项目利用了南达科他州的3200万美元，以及慈善家桑福德（Sanford）目前正在投资重新开放Homestake矿山进行研究和教育的2000万美元。该提案带来了劳伦斯·伯克利国家实验室（LBNL）的强烈支持，该实验室正在提供两位领先的地震学家，地震仪器和技术支持的研究工作。地震阵列将使社区能够在岩石群体中形象快速的动态变化。 近期目标是1）由于矿山脱水期间有效的压力变化而导致声学监测岩石运动学，2）由于构造和准备开放式矿山所需的其他活动而引起的声学监测事件，3）准备基础设施，以准备大规模监控，以进行大规模监控。特别是，天文台将估计与即将开始的大规模脱水操作，发掘工作和各种岩石力学实验相关的事件的地震参数，并估算由矿山内或附近的自然活动引起的源源运动学。鉴于事件由阵列确定的事件的损坏位置，可以对岩体进行反去挖掘以找到岩石中的源损坏。发现时，可以在产生的损伤过程和地震波之间建立直接连接。随着对记录的地震波形的物理意义的理解增加，操作员将能够评估实验室区域中设施的岩石力学健康，以及在不长期关闭的地下区域，而无需积极进入可能的危险空间 - 地下和我的安全。 此外，周围阵列可用于极大地提高我们检测和表征地下结构和活动的能力 - 安全性和地下设施的检测。自从朝鲜战争结束以来，这一直是我们军事和边境防御的目标。作为SDSTA的一部分，该天文台将为所有利益相关者 - K-12学生和老师，数十万的游客每年经过Black Hills，每年经过Black Hills，在高等教育和一般学生人群中，以及一年中的成千上万的访客，以及一般的学生群体。天文台通过南达科他州采矿技术学院，南达科他州科学技术管理局以及近部部落学院的外展活动将是深刻而实质性的。这些大学中的两所已经与SDSM＆T紧密合作，并已成为部落科学和数学教育的领导者。 K-12访问者计划将与暑期教师课程相结合，其中感兴趣的老师以适当的水平介绍了地下科学，并为他们提供了他们后来为学生解释科学的背景。