Collaborative Research: Maritime to Inland Transitions Towards ENvironments for Convection Initiation (MITTEN CI)

合作研究：海洋到内陆向对流引发环境的转变（MITTEN CI）

• 批准号: 2349936
• 负责人: David Kristovich
• 金额: $ 74.73万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-04-01 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2349936&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Maritime; Inland; Transitions

The goal of the Maritime to Inland Transitions Towards ENvironments for Convection Initiation (MITTEN-CI) campaign is to develop the most thorough understanding to date of transitions in near-surface thermodynamic and wind profile structure due to inland movement of marine air in the Great Lakes coastal environment, and resultant impacts on thunderstorm development. Understanding such transitions and their implications for thunderstorms has substantial broader impacts, given the significant portion of the human population that lives in coastal areas. Hypotheses are developed to target novel aspects of near-shore thunderstorm development and evolution of near-surface profiles of temperature, humidity, and wind that have received relatively little attention and enable operations under a wide range of background weather patterns, resulting in a high probability of success in the campaign’s goals.The MITTEN-CI campaign will result in an extensive dataset that characterizes the temporal evolution of over-lake thermodynamic and kinematic profiles using Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS), in addition to thorough sampling of boundary layer spatial and temporal variability over land using instrumentation along a 120 km shore-perpendicular transect with six flux towers, two mobile mesonets, multiple radiosonde launch sites, a Doppler LiDAR, and two mobile Ka-band Doppler radars. These data will enable hypothesis testing that will result in new knowledge of processes across a range of scales that result in convection initiation (CI) or failure thereof in midlatitude coastal regions. Specific aspects of coastal convective environments and CI to be investigated include development of lake-breeze MAHTEs (mesoscale airmasses with high theta-e), i.e., instability maxima on the cool side of lake-breeze fronts (LBFs), the potential for diffuse LBFs to exist embedded within synoptic-scale onshore flow and influence CI, LBF misovortex influence on CI both independently and through interactions with horizontal convective rolls, RKW theory’s relation to LBF CI, and the influence of entrainment on LBF thermodynamics, structure, and propagation. Significant new knowledge of processes related to MAHTE development is expected and will inform broader research on MAHTE development in other types of frontal boundaries which are more difficult to study without a nomadic campaign.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

海上向对流启动环境（Mitten-CI）运动向对流环境转变的目的是，由于大湖区沿海环境中海洋空气的内陆运动以及对抑制剂的产生影响，在近地面热力学和风能结构中，最彻底的了解。鉴于居住在沿海地区的大部分人口，了解这种过渡及其对雷暴的影响会产生更大的影响。开发假设是为了针对近岸雷暴发展的新方面发展和温度，湿度和风的近表面概况的演变，这些景色，湿度和风很少受到相对较少的关注并在广泛的背景天气模式下实现操作，从而在广泛的竞选目标中取得了很大的成功，从而实现了广泛的数据范围，从而导致了广泛的数据范围，以表征临时型号的范围，以实现型号的范围，并实现了型号的效果。飞机系统（UAS）除了沿着120 km的沿岸沿岸的孔子沿着六个通量​​塔，两个移动塔，多个无线电区发射场，一个多普勒lidar和两个移动的ka-band band doppler Radars对边界层的空间和临时变异进行彻底采样，并使用仪器沿陆地上的空间和临时变异性采样。这些数据将实现假设检验，这将导致在一系列规模的过程中获得新的知识，从而导致会议倡议（CI）或中纬度地区的失败。 Specific aspects of coastal convective environments and CI to be investigated include development of lake-breeze MAHTEs (mesoscale airmases with high theta-e), i.e., instability maxima on the cool side of lake-breeze fronts (LBFs), the potential for diffuse LBFs to exist embedded within Synoptic-scale onshore flow and influence CI, LBF misovortex influence on CI both independently通过与水平对流卷的互动，RKW理论与LBF CI的关系以及入口对LBF热力学，结构和传播的影响。预计将有关于与Mahte开发相关的过程的重大新知识，并将为其他类型的额叶界限中的Mahte开发提供更广泛的研究，而没有游牧运动，这些奖项更难以研究。这项奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准来通过评估而被视为珍贵的支持。