Nonequilibrium Quantum Mechanics of Strongly Correlated Systems

强相关系统的非平衡量子力学

• 批准号: 0705584
• 负责人: Aditi Mitra
• 金额: $ 25.5万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-15 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0705584&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nonequilibrium; Quantum; Mechanics; Strongly; Correlated

This award supports theoretical research and education to address a fundamental question in quantum condensed matter physics: How do condensed matter systems behave when they are driven far from equilibrium? The PI aims to investigate how standard methods that have proven very successful in revealing the quantum ground states of many body systems may be extended and applied to nonequilibrium systems. These methods include mean-field theory, fluctuations about mean field and the renormalization group. The PI will focus on two classes of systems: The first class is quantum impurity models that are coupled to external reservoirs. The second class is spatially extended systems that are close to an ordering-disordering quantum phase transition. The PI will address the following issues: a). The precise mechanism underlying nonequilibrium induced decoherence, and the extent to which decoherence may be regarded as an effective temperature; b). Conditions under which a nonequilibrium probe can produce instabilities that could drive the many body system to a novel steady state or a time dependent dynamical state with no thermal analog; c). The effect of conservation laws on nonequilibrium induced phase transitions. The outcome of the research will be relevant to experiments in quantum dots, single molecule devices, spintronics and driven cold atom systems.This award supports guidance and training to students. By providing them with an opportunity to interact with theoretical and experimental groups in the physics department, as well as with members of the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University, students will get a broad exposure and a well rounded education. NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY:This award supports theoretical research and education to study condensed matter systems that are out of balance with their surroundings and for which quantum mechanics dominates. These quantum nonequilibrium systems include atomic structures on the nanoscale, such as quantum dots and molecules. For these systems, the successful theoretical methods developed to understand and describe systems that are in balance with their surroundings do not work and the PI seeks to develop extensions of these equilibrium methods to nonequilibrium systems, particularly those in a steady state, such as constant electric current going through a molecule or nanostructure. This general problem also arises in atomic and optical physics, biophysics and quantum information theory and the PI's approach should apply to a broad range of nonequilibrium systems. This research contributes to the broad fundamental understanding of the world around us. The focus of the research on nanostructures and systems of impurities is particularly relevant to contributing to the theoretical foundations to enable the design of possible future electronic devices and information technology.This award also supports guidance and training of students. By providing them with an opportunity to interact with theoretical and experimental groups in the physics department, as well as with members of the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University, students will get a broad exposure and a well rounded education.

该奖项支持理论研究和教育，以解决量子凝结物理学中的一个基本问题：当凝结物质系统远离均衡时，凝结物质系统如何行为？ PI旨在研究如何将许多人体系统的量子接地状态非常成功的标准方法扩展到非平衡系统。这些方法包括平均场理论，关于平均场的波动和重新归一化组。 PI将重点放在两类系统上：一类是量子杂质模型，这些模型与外部储层耦合。第二类是空间扩展系统，接近订购量量子相变。 PI将解决以下问题：a）。非平衡诱导的破坏性的确切机制以及在多大程度上可以将其视为有效温度的程度； b）。非平衡探针可以产生不稳定性的条件，可以将许多身体系统推向新型稳态或没有热类似物的时间依赖性的动态状态； c）。保护定律对非平衡诱导相变的影响。该研究的结果将与量子点，单分子设备，旋转型和驱动的冷原子系统的实验有关。该奖项支持对学生的指导和培训。通过为他们提供与物理系的理论和实验小组互动的机会，以及纽约大学数学科学研究所的成员，学生将获得广泛的曝光和圆润的教育。非技术摘要：该奖项支持理论研究和教育，以研究与周围环境不平衡的凝结物质体系，量子力学主导的。这些量子非平衡系统包括纳米级上的原子结构，例如量子点和分子。对于这些系统，开发了成功理解和描述与周围环境保持平衡系统的成功理论方法无效，并且PI试图将这些平衡方法扩展到非平衡系统，尤其是稳定状态的系统，例如通过分子或纳米结构进行的恒定电流。这个一般问题也出现在原子和光学物理学，生物物理学和量子信息理论中，PI的方法应适用于广泛的非平衡系统。这项研究有助于对我们周围世界的广泛理解。关于纳米结构和杂质系统的研究重点与为理论基础做出贡献尤其重要，以设计可能的未来电子设备和信息技术。该奖项还支持学生的指导和培训。通过为他们提供与物理系的理论和实验小组互动的机会，以及纽约大学数学科学研究所的成员，学生将获得广泛的曝光和圆润的教育。