SGER: Surveying the Southern California Flash Floods of January 2005

SGER：调查 2005 年 1 月的南加州山洪

• 批准号: 0520899
• 负责人: Konstantine Georgakakos
• 金额: $ 9.21万
• 依托单位: Hydrologic Research Center
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-15 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0520899&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Surveying; Southern; California; Flash

0520899GeorgakakosExtreme rainfall in Southern California in early January 2005 led to flash floods andmudslides that caused over a dozen fatalities, and extensive infrastructure damage,interrupted national commerce and stranded thousands of residents. Countless urban and rural roads, major highways, freeways, and passenger and freight railways were shut down, including freight access to major US Ports at Los Angeles and Long Beach. Thousands were forced to evacuate and hundreds lost their homes. Preliminary damage estimates topped $300 million.Regional flash flood production and development in Southern California remains enigmatic despite a history of infrequent but extreme rain events. The proximity of relatively high, steep mountain terrain along the coast makes Southern California uniquely susceptible to flash flooding when storms approach from the southwest (rather than a more typical northwesterly approach). The recent events provide an opportunity for detailed study. A field survey and data collection campaign is urgently needed before a wealth of information in the form of physical flow evidence and temporary records are destroyed or unavailable. It is planned to identify flash flood areas from radar, raingauge and our own nested high resolution simulated precipitation and surface runoff model runs, along with maps of disastrous incidents. Teams will then be deployed to survey catchments of interest targeting high water marks, occurrence of land slides or mudflows in higher elevations, and measurements of other key streambed hydrographic characteristics. Teams will also be charged with contacting Water and Flood Control Districts of various counties to gather analog data from raingauges, streamflow and other surface data not typically included in the standard operational forecast data stream.It is the main objective of the proposed research to assist in the development of a regional event database through timely field surveys and collection of all available data from Water and Flood Control Districts in the region that would otherwise be lost. The final result of the proposed effort will be a database and associated documentation that would allow the regional study of the flash floods of Southern California of January 2005.

0520899Georgakakos 2005 年 1 月上旬，南加州发生暴雨，引发山洪和泥石流，造成十几人死亡，基础设施遭到严重破坏，国家商业中断，数千名居民陷入困境。无数城市和乡村道路、主要公路、高速公路以及客运和货运铁路被关闭，包括通往洛杉矶和长滩的美国主要港口的货运通道。数千人被迫撤离，数百人失去家园。初步损失估计超过 3 亿美元。 尽管历史上曾发生过罕见但极端的降雨事件，但南加州的区域性山洪爆发和发展仍然是个谜。沿海地区相对较高、陡峭的山区地形使得南加州在风暴从西南方向（而不是更典型的西北方向）逼近时特别容易遭受山洪暴发。最近发生的事件提供了详细研究的机会。在实物流动证据和临时记录形式的大量信息被销毁或无法获取之前，迫切需要开展实地调查和数据收集活动。计划通过雷达、雨量计和我们自己的嵌套高分辨率模拟降水和地表径流模型运行以及灾难事件地图来识别山洪区域。然后将部署团队调查感兴趣的流域，目标是高水位、高海拔地区滑坡或泥石流的发生以及其他关键河床水文特征的测量。团队还将负责联系各个县的水和防洪区，从雨量计、水流和其他通常不包含在标准业务预报数据流中的地面数据收集模拟数据。拟议研究的主要目标是协助通过及时实地调查和收集该地区水和防洪区所有可能丢失的可用数据，开发区域事件数据库。拟议工作的最终结果将是一个数据库和相关文档，可用于对 2005 年 1 月南加州山洪爆发进行区域研究。