Measurement and Predictability of Local Convective Rainfall

局地对流降雨的测量和预报

• 批准号: 9219674
• 负责人: Konstantine Georgakakos
• 金额: $ 15.71万
• 依托单位: University of Iowa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-03-01 至 1995-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9219674&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Measurement; Predictability; Local; Convective; Rainfall

This study addresses measurement of local convective surface rainfall and attendant surface and boundary layer atmospheric variables, on the creation of a prototype database for fundamental studies on rainfall properties and dynamics, and on the determination of predictability properties of local surface convective rainfall. The significance for hydrology is that the study will: (1) enhance the hydrologic database of rainfall and other storm data with very-fine resolution data with beneficial consequences for studies on the statistical and dynamical properties of surface rainfall and its extremes, (2) assess the fundamental dynamical and microphysical mechanisms at work during the occurrence of heavy surface rainfall with beneficial consequences for efforts devoted to dynamical parameterizations, (3) provide predictability measures that would be very beneficial for hydrologic studies of hazardous flood events. A host of specially calibrated instruments for surface meteorological measurements, including very sensitive optical raingauges and a phased array wind profiler will be used for measurement of convective events in three locations in Iowa City, Iowa during four spring and summer months of each of the two project years. The quality-controlled data will be used to create a prototype database that would be made available (together with documentation) to the scientific community for fundamental studies. The data will also be used to aid in the formulation of mathematical models of heavy rainfall that are physics-based and consistent with the observed temporal features of the process and that could be used to assess the predictability properties of local surface rainfall.//

本研究致力于测量当地对流表面降雨以及伴随的表面和边界层大气变量，创建用于降雨特性和动力学基础研究的原型数据库，以及确定当地表面对流降雨的可预测性。 对于水文学的意义在于，该研究将：（1）通过非常精细的分辨率数据增强降雨和其他风暴数据的水文数据库，这对地表降雨及其极端情况的统计和动态特性的研究产生有益的影响，（2）评估地表强降雨发生期间起作用的基本动力和微物理机制，这对致力于动力参数化的努力产生有益的影响；(3) 提供对危险洪水事件的水文研究非常有益的可预测性措施。 一系列专门校准的地面气象测量仪器，包括非常灵敏的光学雨量计和相控阵风廓线仪，将用于测量两个项目春季和夏季四个月中爱荷华州爱荷华市三个地点的对流事件年。 质量控制的数据将用于创建一个原型数据库，该数据库将与文档一起提供给科学界进行基础研究。 这些数据还将用于帮助制定基于物理学的强降雨数学模型，该模型与观测到的过程时间特征一致，并且可用于评估当地表面降雨的可预测性。//