The Hydroclimatology of the Continental-US Boundary Outflow

大陆-美国边界流出的水文气候学

• 批准号: 9316288
• 负责人: Konstantine Georgakakos
• 金额: $ 1.23万
• 依托单位: University of Iowa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-04-15 至 1995-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9316288&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hydroclimatology; Continental; US; Boundary; Outflow

19316288 Georgakakos One of the most important problems in hydroclimatology is to understand the linkage between short period climate variability and surface hydrologic variability on regional to continental scales. We propose to study the relation between regional to continental scales. We propose to study the relation between regional- continental scales hydrologic processes and monthly-decade atmospheric variations using observed data, large-scale watershed budgets and conceptual models to test hypothesized physical mechanisms. While data availability precludes a comprehensive study over all of North America, the conterminous United States domain includes a well-observed and important segment of the spatial and temporal variability contained by the continent. Fifty years of daily outflows through the boundaries of the continental United States have been determined based on observations recorded by U.S.G.S. stations. By integrating over monthly, seasonal and annual totals, effects of storage and diversion are minimized. This newly created database will be used together with existing climatic databases that span several decades. Primary goals of the study include: (a) determination of the spatio-temporal scales of the continental-United States outflow: (b) study sub-continental and regional hydrologic budgets of the conterminous United States; (c) identification of forcing/feedback mechanisms active on those scales in the atmosphere-land system. The proposed research is a two year interdisciplinary effort involving the hydrology Research group of the University of Iowa and the climate research group of the Scripps Institutional of Oceanography. The proposed research is in line with the stated research areas of the NRC report on Opportunities in the Hydrologic Sciences (NRC, 1991, see also Georgakakos, 1992), as it tackles the issues of continental and regional scale hydrology and atmosphere/land surface interaction. Also, the proposed study is hig hly relevant to the GEWEX (Continental Energy and Water Cycle Experiment) Continental-Scale International Project (GCIP).

19316288 Georgakakos 水文气候学中最重要的问题之一是了解区域到大陆尺度上的短期气候变化和地表水文变化之间的联系。 我们建议研究区域尺度与大陆尺度之间的关系。 我们建议利用观测数据、大规模流域预算和概念模型来研究区域-大陆尺度水文过程与十年间大气变化之间的关系，以测试假设的物理机制。 虽然数据可用性无法对整个北美进行全面研究，但毗邻的美国领域包括该大陆所包含的时空变化的一个经过良好观察的重要部分。 五十年来通过美国大陆边界的每日流量是根据美国地质勘探局记录的观测结果确定的。站。 通过整合每月、季节性和年度总量，可以最大限度地减少储存和转移的影响。 这个新创建的数据库将与跨越数十年的现有气候数据库一起使用。 该研究的主要目标包括： (a) 确定美国大陆流出量的时空尺度； (b) 研究美国本土的次大陆和区域水文预算； (c) 确定大气-陆地系统中在这些尺度上活跃的强迫/反馈机制。 拟议的研究是一项为期两年的跨学科工作，涉及爱荷华大学水文学研究小组和斯克里普斯海洋学研究所气候研究小组。 拟议的研究符合 NRC 关于水文科学机遇的报告（NRC，1991，另见 Georgakakos，1992）中规定的研究领域，因为它解决了大陆和区域尺度水文以及大气/陆地表面相互作用的问题。 此外，拟议的研究与 GEWEX（大陆能源和水循环实验）大陆规模国际项目（GCIP）高度相关。