NIRT: Environmentally Benign Deagglomeration and Mixing of Nanoparticles

NIRT：环境友好的纳米粒子解聚和混合

• 批准号: 0506722
• 负责人: Rajesh Dave
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: New Jersey Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0506722&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NIRT; Environmentally; Benign; Deagglomeration; Mixing

This award was received in response to Nanoscale Science and Engineering initiative, NSF 04-043, category NIRT. Nanoparticles and nanocomposites offer unique properties that arise from their small size, large surface area, and the interactions of phases at their interfaces, and are attractive for their potential to improve performance of drugs, biomaterials, catalysts and other high-value-added materials. However, a major problem in utilizing nanoparticles is that they often lose their high surface area due to grain growth or unavailability of the high surface area where it matters. Creating nanostrauctured composites where two or more nanosized constituents are intimately mixed can prevent this loss in surface area, but in order to obtain homogeneous mixing, de-agglomeration of the individual nanoparticle constituents is necessary. A supercritical fluid (SCF), such as supercritical carbon dioxide, which has liquid-like density and solubility, yet gas-like diffusivity and viscosity, and is environmentally friendly, is an ideal medium for the purpose of deagglomerating nanoparticles because it can penetrate the pores within the nano-agglomerates, and upon rapid depressurization, can cause fragmentation and separation of the nanoagglomerates from within. The use of a SCF for producing well-mixed nanocomposites has a number of advantages: no organic solvents or even water is required, the processing is done at near room temperature, high levels of compressive stresses or friction forces are avoided, and since liquids are not used the cost of drying and solvent removal is eliminated, and substance purity is preserved. A combination of experiments and multiscale simulations, at three different length scales, is necessary to obtain a fundamental scientific understanding of the deagglomeration and subsequent mixing processes. This award is aimed at developing such core knowledge that will advance the field of nano-materials.Due to a comprehensive education and training program that includes students from K-12 through postgraduate levels, the project will have broader impacts in terms of workforce development and public awareness of nanotechnology. The experimental and theoretical research will provide predictive capabilities that will help in optimization and scale-up, and subsequent technology transfer to industrial partners. Thus this work has the potential to evolve into major enabling technologies for producing nanocomposites in large quantities, and contribute to establishing a leadership position for the US in the nanomixing area. To carry out this multidisciplinary research and educational objectives, a highly talented team of researchers from four universities (NJIT, Rutgers, Princeton and Auburn) has been assembled. This team is committed to building upon their past successes in research and in integrating diversity through a multi-pronged effort on recruitment, mentoring, and retention of underrepresented minority and women students.

该奖项是为了响应纳米科学与工程倡议，NSF 04-043，NIRT 类别而获得的。纳米颗粒和纳米复合材料因其尺寸小、表面积大以及界面上相的相互作用而具有独特的性能，并且因其在提高药物、生物材料、催化剂和其他高附加值材料性能方面的潜力而具有吸引力。然而，利用纳米粒子的一个主要问题是，它们经常由于晶粒生长或重要的高表面积的不可用而失去其高表面积。创建两种或多种纳米级成分紧密混合的纳米结构复合材料可以防止表面积的损失，但为了获得均匀的混合，单个纳米颗粒成分的解聚是必要的。超临界流体（SCF），例如超临界二氧化碳，具有类似液体的密度和溶解度，但具有类似气体的扩散性和粘度，并且对环境友好，是用于解团聚纳米颗粒的理想介质，因为它可以渗透到纳米粒子中。纳米团聚物内的孔，并且在快速减压时，可导致纳米团聚物从内部破碎和分离。使用 SCF 生产混合良好的纳米复合材料具有许多优点：不需要有机溶剂甚至水，加工在接近室温下完成，避免了高水平的压应力或摩擦力，并且由于液体是如果不使用，则消除了干燥和溶剂去除的成本，并保持了物质纯度。为了对解团聚和随后的混合过程获得基本的科学理解，需要在三种不同长度尺度上进行实验和多尺度模拟的结合。 该奖项旨在开发此类核心知识，推动纳米材料领域的发展。由于涵盖从 K-12 到研究生水平的学生的全面教育和培训计划，该项目将在劳动力发展和公众对纳米技术的认识。实验和理论研究将提供预测能力，有助于优化和扩大规模，以及随后向工业合作伙伴转让技术。因此，这项工作有可能发展成为大量生产纳米复合材料的主要使能技术，并有助于确立美国在纳米混合领域的领导地位。为了实现这一多学科研究和教育目标，来自四所大学（新泽西理工学院、罗格斯大学、普林斯顿大学和奥本大学）的高素质研究人员团队已经组建。该团队致力于通过在招募、指导和保留代表性不足的少数族裔和女学生方面多管齐下的努力，以过去在研究和整合多样性方面取得的成功为基础。