Long-Term Trends (~1850 - 2007) of Atmospheric Elemental Carbon Concentrations: Measurements and Comparison with Model Estimates

大气元素碳浓度的长期趋势（~1850 - 2007）：测量值以及与模型估计值的比较

• 批准号: 0503850
• 负责人: Liaquat Husain
• 金额: $ 14.37万
• 依托单位: Health Research Incorporated/New York State Department of Health
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0503850&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Long; Term; Trends; 1850; 2007

The primary objective of this project is to demonstrate a technique for determining the concentration of atmospheric elemental carbon (EC) across the northeastern US over the last ~ 150 years and compare the results with model predictions based on emissions from fossil fuel combustion and forest fires. EC impacts on earth's temperature, visibility, and human health. The sources of EC aerosols have changed much during the last century, and it is highly likely that these changes are reflected in atmospheric concentrations of EC. Long-term EC data is scarce, but measurements in ice-cores and sediments have suggested that EC has increased in modern times due to increased fossil fuels consumption.Atmospheric EC will be determined using the thermal-optical method in filters collected from 1978 to 2007 at Whiteface Mountain in the Adirondacks of New York and from 1983 to 2007 at rural Mayville, 530 km upwind of Whiteface Mountain. A novel approach will be tested to extend the database to ~1850 using sediments from lakes in the same area. This project will establish whether EC concentrations in lake sediments can be accurately related to atmospheric concentrations thus enabling the extension of the record. If this approach proves to be successful, then a long-term record of an important climate forcing agent can be established, which will be of great interest to the climate modeling community. The project will provide training for a Ph. D. Student and a postdoctoral researcher.

该项目的主要目的是展示一种在过去〜150年中确定整个美国东北部大气元素碳（EC）的浓度的技术，并将结果与​​基于化石燃料燃烧和森林火灾的排放的模型预测进行了比较。 EC影响地球温度，可见性和人类健康。在上个世纪，EC气溶胶的来源发生了很大变化，并且这些变化很有可能反映在EC的大气浓度中。长期的EC数据很少，但是在冰甲板和沉积物中的测量表明，由于化石燃料的消耗量增加，现代的EC在1978年至2007年在纽约州阿迪朗达克山上收集到的Whiteface Mountain在1983年的Whiteface Mountain收集的过滤器中，将在现代增加。使用同一地区的湖泊中的沉积物，将测试一种新型方法，以将数据库扩展到1850年。该项目将确定湖泊沉积物中的EC浓度是否可以与大气浓度准确相关，从而使记录扩展。如果这种方法被证明是成功的，那么可以建立重要的气候强迫剂的长期记录，这将引起气候建模社区的极大兴趣。该项目将为D. D.学生和博士后研究员提供培训。