Lake Sediments as Records of Atmospheric Elemental Carbon, ~1900 to 2014

湖泊沉积物作为大气元素碳的记录，~1900 年至 2014 年

• 批准号: 1523405
• 负责人: Liaquat Husain
• 金额: $ 15.13万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Albany
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-02-15 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1523405&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Lake; Sediments; Records; Atmospheric; Elemental

The primary objective of this project is to determine a detailed history of atmospheric elemental carbon (EC) concentrations for a site in the Northeastern US over the last century and compare it to model predictions. EC aerosols play a key role in regional and global climate forcing because of absorption of solar radiation and possible cloud formation. EC also impacts the environment and human health as a major component of fine particulate matter. In the northeastern United States, sources of EC aerosols have changed dramatically during the last century, and these changes are reflected in atmospheric concentrations of EC. However, past data on atmospheric EC is sparse. It is hypothesized that atmospheric EC can be determined from the EC concentrations in lake sediments. Daily aerosol samples will be collected at Whiteface Mt., NY between 2011 and 2014. These filters along with archived filters for 2006-2010 will be analyzed for EC concentration to provide continuous data from 1978 to 2014. The EC concentration in sediment cores from three lakes around Whiteface Mt. will also be determined using freeze-coring techniques. Efforts will also be made to locate a laminated lake where direct varve (layer) counting can be used to obtain a highly accurate chronology and fine time resolution, about 5-10 yrs. These data will allow the quantitative relationship between concentrations in lake sediments and the atmosphere to be determined. EC concentrations in deeper sediments are to be used to estimate the pre-industrial age background. The archived lake cores can also be used for studies of toxic metals such as mercury, and many other chemical species, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).This project will provide educational opportunities for undergraduate students and post-doctoral researchers. The results of this work will incorporated in courses in environmental chemistry as well as interdisciplinary research. Public outreach activities are also planned.

该项目的主要目的是确定上个世纪东北部地点的大气元素碳（EC）浓度的详细历史，并将其与建模预测进行比较。由于太阳辐射和可能的云形成，EC气溶胶在区域和全球气候强迫中起关键作用。 EC还将环境和人类健康作为细颗粒物的主要组成部分。在美国东北部，EC气溶胶的来源在上个世纪发生了巨大变化，这些变化反映在EC的大气浓度中。但是，过去关于大气EC的数据很少。假设可以从湖中的EC浓度确定大气EC。每日气雾剂样品将在2011年至2014年之间在纽约州Whiteface MT.收集。这些过滤器以及2006 - 2010年的存档过滤器将分析EC浓度，以提供1978年至2014年的连续数据。从白面MT周围的三个湖泊中的沉积物核心中的EC浓度也将使用Freeze Copore Copore Coste niques确定。还将努力定位一个层压的湖泊，在该湖中，直接的Varve（图层）计数可用于获得高度准确的年代学和良好的时间分辨率，约5 - 10年。这些数据将允许确定湖泊沉积物中的浓度与大气之间的定量关系。较深的沉积物中的EC浓度应用于估计工业前年龄的背景。存档的湖泊核心也可用于研究汞等有毒金属，以及许多其他化学物种，例如多环芳烃（PAHS）。该项目将为本科生和博士后研究人员提供教育机会。这项工作的结果将纳入环境化学和跨学科研究的课程中。还计划了公共外展活动。