Chemistry of Nanostructured Porous Si

纳米结构多孔硅的化学

• 批准号: 0452579
• 负责人: Michael Sailor
• 金额: $ 24万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-11-01 至 2008-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0452579&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chemistry; Nanostructured; Porous; Si

This award from the Solid State Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research to University of California San Diego is to develop an understanding of the effect of surface chemistry on the stability of porous silicon (Si) photonic crystals. With this award Professor Michael Sailor will probe the effects of chemical modification of the porous Si surface on its air and water stability using reactions designed to attach functional species via Si-Carbon bonds. Two related attachment chemistries would also be studied: electrochemical reduction of alkyl halides; and hydrosilylation of terminal alkenes. These chemistries have been found to impart remarkable stability to the porous Si surface relative to Si-H or Si-O surfaces. The fundamental question to be answered is: what is the reason for this improved chemical stability? A systematic study on the effect of pore dimensions, chain length of the organic modifier, surface coverage, and nature of the substituents on stability in air and aqueous media will be performed. The project should lead to new understanding of the reactivity of nanocrystalline silicon surfaces for potential applications in number fields. In recent years there has been increased interest in developing low-power, miniature sensors that can be used to detect toxics, pollutants, or chemical and biological warfare agents in the environment. There is similar high interest in portable sensors that can be used to diagnose illness. One of the biggest challenges in this area is to place the sensitivity and specificity of a laboratory-scale instrument into a palm-top or smaller package. The goal of this research is to develop the chemistry of nanomaterials that can enable such applications, among others. Starting with crystalline silicon wafers, the same material used by the computer industry to build microchips, the project will build nanoscale structures that can act as sensors for chemical or biological compounds. The project should lead to a better understanding of the chemistry of silicon nanomaterials that will enable advances in the areas of medical diagnostics and therapeutics, remote sensors for pollution monitoring and homeland security applications, information display and optoelectronics. The primary product of this work will be to provide graduate and undergraduate students with a highly interdisciplinary education in materials chemistry and nanoscience. The students will be prepared for a variety of challenging research positions in the high-tech and biotech sectors of industry, government, and academia.

固态化学计划在加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的固体化学计划中获得了对表面化学对多孔硅（SI）光子晶体稳定性的影响的理解。 借助该奖励教授迈克尔水手将使用旨在通过Si-碳键附加功能性物种的反应来探测多孔Si表面对空气和水稳定性的化学修饰的影响。 还将研究两个相关的附着化学：烷基卤化物的电化学还原；和末端烷烃的氢化硅化。已经发现这些化学物质相对于Si-H或Si-O表面具有显着的稳定性。要回答的基本问题是：这种改善的化学稳定性的原因是什么？一项有关孔隙尺寸，有机修饰符的链长度，表面覆盖范围以及取代基对空气和水性介质稳定性的性质的影响的系统研究。该项目应导致对纳米晶硅表面在数量领域的潜在应用中的反应性的新理解。近年来，人们对开发可用于检测环境中的毒物，污染物或化学和生物战剂的低功率，微型传感器的兴趣增加。 可以用来诊断疾病的便携式传感器也有类似的兴趣。该领域最大的挑战之一是将实验室规模仪器的灵敏度和特异性放入棕榈顶或较小的包装中。这项研究的目的是开发纳米材料的化学反应，这些化学能够实现此类应用。 从结晶硅晶片（计算机行业用来建造微芯片）的材料开始，该项目将建立可以充当化学或生物化合物的传感器的纳米级结构。 该项目应更好地理解硅纳米材料的化学反应，这将使医学诊断和治疗学领域的进步，用于污染监测的遥控传感器以及国土安全应用程序，信息显示和光电销售。这项工作的主要产品将是为毕业生和本科生提供材料化学和纳米科学方面的跨学科教育。 学生将为在工业，政府和学术界的高科技领域和生物技术领域的各种具有挑战性的研究职位做好准备。