CAREER: Phonotactics and Articulatory Coordination in Foreign Language Acquisition and Loan Phonology

职业：外语习得和借用音韵学中的音位学和发音协调

• 批准号: 0449560
• 负责人: Lisa Davidson
• 金额: $ 30.13万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-01 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0449560&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Phonotactics; Articulatory; Coordination; Foreign

CAREER: Phonotactics and articulatory coordination in foreign language acquisition and loan phonologyWhy are foreign language learners typically unable to eradicate an accent, despite years of practice? When English speakers say the name of the pickle brand "Vlasic", why do they end up pronouncing it "Velasic"? It is evident that speakers attempting to pronounce non-native words either in foreign language acquisition or when borrowing words from other languages face serious difficulties. While researchers of language acquisition and loanword borrowing have long attempted to understand the factors that contribute to non-native pronunciation, one little-studied issue that has a substantial impact on the production of unfamiliar sound sequences (or phonotactics) is the coordination of adjacent sounds. Coordination refers to timing patterns in speech, such as the duration of a sound (like the /r/ in "rat"), or how much overlap exists among the articulations of adjacent sounds (does the tongue start moving to make the /a/ before it finishes producing the /r/?). Previous research has shown that coordination patterns are language-specific, which presents a challenge for speakers producing non-native sound sequences like the /vl/ of "Vlasic": not only must speakers learn which sounds can be combined into sequences, but they must also learn how such sequences are temporally coordinated. With support from the National Science Foundation, Dr. Lisa Davidson will investigate how foreign language learners learn to produce non-native sound sequences and how language borrowers incorporate these sequences into their native language. Acoustic recordings will be combined with ultrasound imaging of tongue motion during speech to understand how the foreign language learner's speech differs from the intended goal in the target language. Another issue important both to language acquisition and to borrowing is how speakers initially perceive the sound sequences that they are trying to produce. The combination of information from perceptual data and from the way speakers manipulate coordination in the articulation of non-native sequences will provide critical insight into how speakers learn to produce foreign languages or adopt new words into their native language.For the education component of this project, graduate students at New York University will be offered classes that combine formal linguistic methods with both sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics to situate linguistics within a broader interdisciplinary context. In addition, both graduates and undergraduates will gain valuable laboratory experience. This research also benefits from interdepartmental collaborations with language teachers who have years of experience in foreign language classrooms. Through these partnerships, the results of this project can be disseminated to those involved in the teaching of foreign language pronunciation. Finally, NYU will host Ultrafest, a workshop that provides investigators using ultrasound in the study of speech production an opportunity to discuss both research and technical issues.

职业：外语获取和贷款语言学中的音调和阐述协调，外语学习者通常无法消除多年的练习？当说英语的人说泡菜品牌“ vlasic”的名字时，为什么他们最终会宣布它“ Velasic”？显然，试图用外语获取或从其他语言借用单词的说话者会面临严重的困难。尽管语言获取和借贷借贷的研究人员长期以来一直试图了解导致非本地发音的因素，但一个有点研究的问题对不熟悉的声音序列（或Phonotactics）产生重大影响是相邻声音的协调。协调是指语音中的时序模式，例如声音的持续时间（例如 /r /in in rat in鼠），或者是指相邻声音的发音之间存在多少重叠（舌头开始在完成 /r /r /r /？）中进行 /a /？）。先前的研究表明，协调模式是特定于语言的，这对产生非本地声音序列（例如 / vl / of“ vlasic''之类的扬声器提出了挑战：不仅要说扬声器可以学习哪些声音可以合并为序列，而且还必须学习这些序列是如何在时间协调的。在国家科学基金会的支持下，丽莎·戴维森（Lisa Davidson）博士将调查外语学习者如何学会产生非本地声音序列以及语言借款人如何将这些序列纳入其母语。声学记录将与舌头运动期间的超声检查相结合，以了解外语学习者的语音与目标语言中的预期目标有何不同。对于语言获取和借贷的另一个问题，说话者最初如何看待他们试图产生的声音序列。来自感知数据的信息以及从说话者在非母语序列中操纵协调的方式的组合将提供有关说话者如何学习产生外语或在其母语中采用新单词的批判性见解。对于该项目的教育组成部分，纽约大学的研究生将提供与正式的语言学方法相结合的纽约大学的研究生，并将其融合在互联网上，并将其互为互动，以互相互动。此外，毕业生和本科生都将获得宝贵的实验室经验。这项研究还受益于与具有多年外语教室经验的语言老师的间部门合作。通过这些伙伴关系，该项目的结果可以分散到参与外语发音教学的人。最后，纽约大学将举办Ultrafest，这是一个讲习班，在语音生产研究中使用超声波提供了讨论研究和技术问题的机会。