ITR - (ASE+NHS) - (dmc): Fields as Objects in Geographic Information Systems, Applications to Ground Water

ITR - (ASE NHS) - (dmc)：作为地理信息系统中的对象的字段，在地下水中的应用

• 批准号: 0426557
• 负责人: Matthew Becker
• 金额: $ 37.36万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0426557&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ITR; ASE+NHS; dmc; Fields; Objects

Field phenomena are ubiquitous in nature (e.g. temperature, wind speed, hydraulic head, ocean current velocity) and can be represented by physically based equations constrained by mathematical boundary conditions. Field data are usually stored in computer databases by gridding the solutions of these equations. This approach is inefficient with respect to computer memory and reduces the flexibility of the data with respect to spatial scale. The objective of this project is to create a new Geographic Information System (GIS) database paradigm in which fields are represented by storing three object data types that constitute a mathematical model of the field: (1) a physically-based system of equations; (2) boundary conditions for those equations; and (3) a solution engine for the equations. If the mathematical solution to the system of equations is unique, then solving for the field represented by the mathematical model is equivalent to storing the field itself.The test application for this method is a GIS database for ground-water protection. Shallow ground-water flow is driven by hydraulic boundaries (lakes and streams) and guided by the Darcy Equation. A ground-water hydraulic potential field (head) can be represented by storing lake and stream features along with flow equations. The mathematically exact Analytic Element Method (AEM) is used to solve the flow equations, so that the potential field can be retrieved at high precision, at any resolution, over any area in the database domain. The result will be a suite of GIS tools coupled to a numerical ground-water flow model and an object-oriented GIS database.This project will produce a new archetype for storing, manipulating, and conceptualizing spatially distributed earth science data. It encourages an object-oriented rather than grid-oriented approach to natural fields. To promote broader dissemination of this approach, a specialist meeting will be held and a graduate course will be offered to students in the existing NSF IGERT program at the University at Buffalo.

场现象本质上是普遍存在的（例如温度，风速，液压头，海洋电流速度），可以通过数学边界条件约束的基于物理的方程来表示。字段数据通常通过对这些方程式的解决方案进行网格来存储在计算机数据库中。 这种方法在计算机内存方面效率低下，并降低了数据对空间量表的灵活性。 该项目的目的是创建一个新的地理信息系统（GIS）数据库范式，其中通过存储构成该领域数学模型的三种对象数据类型来表示字段：（1）基于物理的方程式系统； （2）这些方程的边界条件； （3）方程式的解决方案引擎。 如果方程系统的数学解决方案是唯一的，则求解由数学模型代表的字段的求解等同于存储字段本身。该方法的测试应用程序是用于地下水保护的GIS数据库。 浅层水流由液压边界（湖泊和溪流）驱动，并由Darcy方程引导。 地下水液压电位（头）可以通过存储湖泊和流特征以及流程方程来表示。 数学上精确的分析元素方法（AEM）用于求解流程方程，以便可以在数据库域中的任何区域上以高精度，任何分辨率检索电位字段。 结果将是一套GIS工具套件，该工具与数字地下水流模型和面向对象的GIS数据库相连。该项目将生成用于存储，操纵和概念化空间分布的地球科学数据的新原型。 它鼓励一种面向对象的，而不是面向网格的自然领域方法。 为了促进这种方法的更广泛的传播，将举行一次专业会议，并将向布法罗大学现有的NSF IGERT计划中的学生提供研究生课程。