High-frequency energy harvesting with mechanical frequency conversion

通过机械变频进行高频能量收集

基本信息

批准号：
167079056
负责人：
Professor Dr. Peter Hagedorn
金额：
--
依托单位：
Arbeitsgruppe Dynamik und Schwingungen
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/167079056?language=en
关键词：
frequency energy harvesting mechanical conversion

项目摘要

Energy harvesting for small wireless autonomous devices such as intelligent sensors has attracted much interest in the last decade. One of the oldest energy harvesting devices is the automatic mechanical wrist watch, where the harvested energy is stored in a spring (long before the term energy harvesting was coined). In most modern devices ambient energy is converted to electrical energy and often piezoceramics are used as transducers. Since the energy converted per cycle in a piezo-element from mechanical to electrical is small, it would be convenient to operate the transducer at high frequency. In most piezoelectric motors this is done: the power electronics generates an electrical input signal e.g. in the 100 kHz range, while the mechanical output energy at the shaft is obtained at a low frequency (e.g. 1-20 Hz), as required for many applications. In piezoelectric generators or harvesters, this has not been done in the past. The main reason for this is probably the fact that high frequency mechanical vibrations have to be produced from low frequency inputs.In the Darmstadt dynamics group an ample competence has been generated since the 1980’s both in the research in materials behavior with regard to piezoelectric motors, as well as in the mechanical frequency conversion in this type of drives. In addition, during the same period the generation of mechanical vibrations of high frequency from a mechanical low frequency signal, via contact forces, such as in the generation of brake squeal, has been studied both experimentally and by producing adequate simulation models.This project aims at exploring the feasibility of designing small piezo-generators, or harvesters, using mechanical frequency conversion from low to high frequency at the input side. This could lead to applications in autonomous intelligent sensors, for example for damage detection in the axles of high speed trains. The goal of the planned research is a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of frequency conversion in both directions, their mathematical modeling and the development of prototype generators of this type.

在过去的十年中，小型无线自动驾驶设备（例如智能传感器）的能源收获引起了极大的兴趣。最古老的能量收集设备之一是自动机械手表，其中收获的能量在弹簧中存储（早在创造了能量收获术语之前）。在大多数现代设备中，环境能量都转化为电能，并且通常将压电陶瓷用作传感器。由于从机械到电气的压电元素中每个周期转换的能量很小，因此以高频操作传感器很方便。在大多数压电电动机中，这都完成了：电源电子会产生电动输入信号，例如在100 kHz范围内，而轴的机械输出能是在许多应用所需的频率下以低频（例如1-20 Hz）获得的。在压电发电机或收割机中，过去曾经做过。造成这种情况的主要原因可能是一个事实，即必须从低频输入中产生高频机械振动。在Darmstadt Dynamics Group中，自1980年代以来，就已经在对压电电机的材料行为研究中以及这种类型的Driver的机械频率转换中都产生了足够的能力。此外，在同一时期，通过接触力（例如在制动尖叫的产生中），从机械低频信号中产生了高频的机械振动，并通过实验性地产生了足够的模拟模型。该项目旨在探索使用高频率从低到高频的机械频率转换来探索使用机械频率转换的可行性。这可能会导致自动智能传感器的应用，例如，用于高速列车轴的损坏检测。计划研究的目的是对这两个方向上频率转换的机制，数学建模和这种类型的原型发生器的发展进行更深入的了解。