DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Systematics of the Neotropical Plant Genus Alloplectus (Gesneriaceae)

论文研究：新热带植物属 Alloplectus（苦苣苔科）的系统学

• 批准号: 0206512
• 负责人: Patrick Herendeen
• 金额: $ 0.91万
• 依托单位: George Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-01 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0206512&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Systematics; Neotropical; Plant

0206512Herendeen and Clark The genus Alloplectus, a common shrub from the northwestern Andes, has flowers that may be viewed as an upside down version of those of the Florists' Gloxinia. Alloplectus and the Florists' Gloxinia both belong to the same group, but the flowers are resupinate (inverted) in some species of Alloplectus. This project will look at the pattern of diversification in Alloplectus and related members of the family Gesneriaceae and the evolution of flower resupination in this group. The Neotropical members of Gesneriaceae are problematic because morphological details are poorly documented, closely related taxa exhibit a wide range of flower forms, pollinators are poorly known, and molecular phylogenies have insufficient species sampling to clarify the wide range of morphological variation. One of the least understood groups of Neotropical gesneriads is the genus Alloplectus. This project will generate phylogenetic hypotheses to test competing theories of gesneriad evolution, to resolve phylogenetic relationships within the tribe Episcieae, and to complete a taxonomic revision of the genus. Field expeditions will be carried out in Bolivia and Panama to study the plants and their pollinators and collect material for study in the laboratory and herbarium. Visits to European herbaria will be conducted to study historical and recent plant collections. Molecular sequence data will be collected for the nuclear ITS region and the chloroplast trnL intron and spacer. Morphological characters will be studied and scored for phylogenetic analyses. Although tropical ecosystems are attracting increasing attention from biologists and conservationists interested in understanding and managing the earth's biological resources, there is much that is not understood about the diversity of plants and other organisms that make up these ecosystems. For example, there are at least five species of Alloplectus that are new to science and many members of this group are geographically restricted and live in forests that are threatened by logging and agricultural conversion. Results from this project will provide a robust phylogenetic hypothesis and data that may be used to address questions about plant diversity and conservation, morphological evolution, and pollination biology in this poorly known group of tropical plants.

0206512Herenden 和 Clark Alloplectus 属是安第斯山脉西北部的一种常见灌木，其花朵可能被视为花店大岩桐花朵的倒置版本。 Alloplectus 和 Florist' Gloxinia 都属于同一类，但 Alloplectus 的某些物种的花是倒转的（倒置的）。 该项目将研究 Alloplectus 和苦苣苔科相关成员的多样化模式以及该群体中花恢复的进化。 苦苣苔科的新热带成员存在问题，因为形态细节记录很少，密切相关的分类群表现出多种花型，传粉媒介知之甚少，并且分子系统发育没有足够的物种采样来阐明广泛的形态变异。新热带苦菊科植物中最不为人所知的类群之一是 Alloplectus 属。 该项目将产生系统发育假设，以测试苦苣苔科进化的竞争理论，解决 Episcieae 部落内的系统发育关系，并完成该属的分类学修订。 实地考察将在玻利维亚和巴拿马进行，以研究植物及其传粉媒介，并收集实验室和植物标本室的研究材料。 将参观欧洲植物标本室，以研究历史和最近的植物收藏。 将收集核 ITS 区域和叶绿体 trnL 内含子和间隔区的分子序列数据。 将研究形态特征并对其进行评分以进行系统发育分析。 尽管热带生态系统越来越受到有志于了解和管理地球生物资源的生物学家和自然资源保护主义者的关注，但对于构​​成这些生态系统的植物和其他生物体的多样性，人们仍有很多了解。 例如，至少有五种 Alloplectus 对科学来说是新物种，并且该群体的许多成员受到地理限制，并且生活在受到伐木和农业转变威胁的森林中。 该项目的结果将提供强有力的系统发育假设和数据，可用于解决有关这一鲜为人知的热带植物群的植物多样性和保护、形态进化和授粉生物学的问题。