Rop GTPase Signaling Networks: Roles in Development and Stress Responses

Rop GTPase 信号网络：在发育和应激反应中的作用

• 批准号: 0115078
• 负责人: Zhenbiao Yang
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-10-01 至 2004-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0115078&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Rop; GTPase; Signaling; Networks; Roles

0115078YangGuanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are universal molecular switches that control the flow of extracellular signals to intracellular signal transduction pathways in eukaryotic organisms. Arabidopsis possesses a unique subfamily of small G proteins, termed Rop. Rop regulates many signal transduction pathways in Arabidopsis. This proposed research is focused on a Rop-dependent pathway that controls the morphogenesis of leaf epidermal pavement cells. Because plant cells are encased in cell walls and are non-motile, cell morphogenesis is particularly important for plant growth and development. Having a unique cell shape with interlocking lobes and sinuses, epidermal pavement cells provide a useful model system for studying the mechanism of cell morphogenesis in plants. Previous studies using transgenic expression of Rop2 dominant mutant genes suggest that one or more Rops controls the formation of lobes. However, these studies did not reveal which of the 11 Arabidopsis Rop GTPases participate in the signaling pathway that controls the morphogenesis of pavement cells. Furthermore, other components in this pathway are unknown. As a first step in the long-term goal of elucidating the molecular mechanism of cell morphogenesis in Arabidopsis, this proposed work contains two major aims. First, knockout mutants for Arabidopsis Rop genes will be used to determine which Rop gene(s) controls the morphogenesis of leaf pavement cells. Second, components of the Rop-dependent morphogenesis pathway will be identified using the yeast two-hybrid method complemented with a high throughput proteomics approach. This research plan is expected to identify new genes that control cell morphogenesis and plant development. These genes may prove to be useful for genetically manipulating plant forms that are beneficial to agricultural and horticultural practices.

0115078Yang鸟嘌呤核苷酸结合蛋白（G蛋白）是真核生物中控制细胞外信号流向细胞内信号转导途径的通用分子开关。 拟南芥拥有一个独特的小G蛋白亚家族，称为Rop。 Rop 调节拟南芥中的许多信号转导途径。 这项拟议的研究重点是控制叶表皮铺装细胞形态发生的 Rop 依赖性途径。 由于植物细胞被细胞壁包裹并且不能运动，因此细胞形态发生对于植物生长和发育特别重要。 表皮铺装细胞具有独特的细胞形状，具有互锁的叶和窦，为研究植物细胞形态发生的机制提供了有用的模型系统。先前使用 Rop2 ​​显性突变基因的转基因表达的研究表明，一个或多个 Rop 控制叶的形成。 然而，这些研究并未揭示 11 种拟南芥 Rop GTPases 中的哪一种参与控制路面细胞形态发生的信号通路。 此外，该途径中的其他成分尚不清楚。 作为阐明拟南芥细胞形态发生的分子机制这一长期目标的第一步，这项工作包含两个主要目标。 首先，拟南芥 Rop 基因的敲除突变体将用于确定哪个 Rop 基因控制叶铺层细胞的形态发生。 其次，将使用酵母双杂交方法并辅以高通量蛋白质组学方法来鉴定 Rop 依赖性形态发生途径的组成部分。 该研究计划预计将鉴定出控制细胞形态发生和植物发育的新基因。 这些基因可能被证明可用于基因操纵植物形态，从而有利于农业和园艺实践。