Mulitdisciplinary Collaborative Research Project: Amines and Agonistic Behavior in Crustaceans

多学科合作研究项目：甲壳类动物的胺与竞争行为

基本信息

批准号：
9909883
负责人：
Donald Edwards
金额：
$ 2.52万
依托单位：
Georgia State University Research Foundation, Inc.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1999-08-01 至 2000-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9909883&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Mulitdisciplinary Collaborative Research Project Amines

项目摘要

This proposal has the overall goal of understanding the roles served by neurohormones in a complex behavior, like aggression. It involves investigators from 3 universities: E. A. Kravitz (Harvard Medical School), D. H. Edwards (Georgia State University), and B. S. Beltz (Wellesley College) who use crustacean model systems (lobsters, crayfish) for their interactive studies. Crustacean models allow the analysis of behavior to be brought to the level of the individual nerve cells involved, an advantage not readily available in higher forms. The studies focus on serotonin, an amine derived from the common amino acid tryptophan, which has been implicated in aggression in all animal species. They explore the effects on fighting behavior of raising and lowering serotonin levels, ask whether neurons utilizing this amine function differently in dominant and subordinate animals, and address the question of whether these neurons change their properties over individual molt cycles (the annual shedding of the cuticle) along with behavioral changes that are seen. Aggression is a universal feature of the behavior of social animals, necessary for access to shelter, food and mates. Among humans, the consequences of its abuse are well known (witness Kosovo). Despite the importance of this behavior, however, little is known of its neural mechanisms. Models, like the crustacean systems used here, offer the possibility of highly detailed analyses of this complex behavior, thereby yielding valuable insights into its underlying neural roots.

该提案的总体目标是了解神经激素在复杂行为（如侵略）中所扮演的角色。它涉及来自3所大学的研究人员：E。A. Kravitz（哈佛医学院），D。H。Edwards（佐治亚州立大学）和B. S. Beltz（韦尔斯利学院），他们使用甲壳类模型系统（龙虾，小龙虾）进行互动研究。甲壳类模型允许将行为分析带到所涉及的个体神经细胞的水平，这是不容易以更高形式获得的优势。这些研究集中于5-羟色胺，羟色胺是一种源自普通氨基酸色氨酸的胺，该胺涉及所有动物物种的侵略性。他们探讨了对升高和降低5-羟色胺水平的战斗行为的影响，询问利用这种胺在主导和下属动物中的功能是否有所不同，并解决了这些神经元是否改变其特性，即是否将其特性在单个蜕皮周期（表皮的年度脱落）以及可见的行为变化以及所见的行为变化中改变。侵略是社交动物行为的普遍特征，这对于进入庇护所，食物和伴侣所需的必要。在人类中，其虐待的后果是众所周知的（证人科索沃）。尽管这种行为很重要，但是对其神经机制知之甚少。像这里使用的甲壳类动物一样，模型提供了对这种复杂行为的高度详细分析的可能性，从而对其潜在的神经根部产生了宝贵的见解。