Engineering Emerging Urban Systems: Competing Land Uses, and the Effects on Built and Natural Environments

新兴城市系统工程：土地利用竞争以及对建筑和自然环境的影响

• 批准号: 9817698
• 负责人: Debbie Niemeier
• 金额: $ 35.99万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-04-01 至 2002-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9817698&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Engineering; Emerging; Urban; Systems; Competing

***9817698 Niemeier Traditionally, disciplined-based science and engineering has long governed the generation of new knowledge about the built and natural environments. This knowledge has led to dramatic and compelling changes in understanding of the inter-relatedness between these environments. However, to date, there is little knowledge, nor working models to aid in understanding how this relationship, in its entirety, changes over time and how to incrementally adapt to increase long-term sustainability of both the built and natural environments. This study will begin by compiling the first integrated engineering and science assessment for the San Joaquin Valley, "The SJV Synthesis of Science and Engineering Issues: An Assessment for Entering the 21st Century" (SJV Assessment). The Assessment, aimed at characterizing the current state of knowledge regarding interactions between the built and natural environments, will include three major efforts: a compilation of the current scientific and engineering knowledge, and gaps in knowledge on the existing built and natural environment conditions and interactions in the SJV; identification of the ways that brokering of natural resources is undertaken to support the current land use configuration and infrastructure services; and finally, a summary of needed research in strategies, techniques, and resources which would further the likelihood of a more "holistic" sustainability between the competing land uses and the built and natural environments. Changes in the built system are clearly accompanied by trade-offs in the health and performance of both the natural and built environments. Some of these trade-offs will be reflected in the spatial distributions and some will be reflected in temporal distributions. Understanding the effects of changes, sometimes through policy, on the entire system requires the development and assessment of indicators of system performance with both a spatial and temporal context. The second task of this study will be to develop a suite of health and performance indicators that can be used to assess the effects of perturbations in the system, given current conditions as a baseline. As part of this effort a new database will be established that facilitates on-going and dynamic inventorying and monitoring of the newly developed natural and built performance and health indicators. The data will be maintained by the new Center for Science, Cities, and the Land currently housed in the John Muir Institute on the Environment at UC Davis. ***

***9817698 Niemeier 传统上，基于学科的科学和工程长期以来一直主导着有关建筑和自然环境的新知识的生成。 这些知识导致人们对这些环境之间相互关系的理解发生了巨大而引人注目的变化。 然而，迄今为止，几乎没有知识或工作模型来帮助理解这种关系在整体上如何随着时间的推移而变化，以及如何逐步适应以提高建筑和自然环境的长期可持续性。 这项研究将首先编制圣华金河谷的第一份综合工程和科学评估，“科学与工程问题的 SJV 综合：进入 21 世纪的评估”（SJV 评估）。 该评估旨在描述有关建筑与自然环境之间相互作用的知识现状，将包括三项主要工作：当前科学和工程知识的汇编，以及现有建筑与自然环境条件和相互作用的知识差距在 SJV 中；确定自然资源经纪以支持当前土地利用配置和基础设施服务的方式；最后，总结了所需的战略、技术和资源研究，这些研究将进一步提高竞争性土地利用与建筑和自然环境之间更“全面”的可持续性的可能性。 建筑系统的变化显然伴随着自然环境和建筑环境的健康和性能的权衡。 其中一些权衡将反映在空间分布中，一些将反映在时间分布中。 了解变化（有时通过政策）对整个系统的影响需要制定和评估具有空间和时间背景的系统绩效指标。 这项研究的第二个任务是开发一套健康和绩效指标，以当前条件为基准，用于评估系统扰动的影响。 作为这项工作的一部分，将建立一个新的数据库，以促进对新开发的自然和建筑性能和健康指标进行持续和动态的盘点和监测。 这些数据将由目前位于加州大学戴维斯分校约翰缪尔​​环境研究所的新科学、城市和土地中心维护。 ***