Hydrous Components in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals

名义无水矿物中的含水成分

• 批准号: 9804871
• 负责人: George Rossman
• 金额: $ 28.71万
• 依托单位: California Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-07-15 至 2001-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9804871&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hydrous; Components; Nominally; Anhydrous; Minerals

9804871RossmanMany minerals which are nominally anhydrous actually contain low concentrations of water or hydroxide bound in distinct sites in their structure. These components influence the properties of the host phase toan extent that is far disproportionate to their actual concentrations, and together, constitute a globally significant reservoir of hydrogen in planet Earth. Our research program is directed at 1) characterizing the chemical form and concentrations of these components in natural minerals and related synthetic materials, 2) relating the hydrous components to other physical and chemical properties of the host phases, and 3) exploring the significance of the hydrous components to the terrestrial geologic system. We select naturally occurring minerals from a variety of geologic occurrences and characterize their hydrous components with infrared spectroscopy. A subset of our samples will then be prepared for Nuclear Profile Analysis which can determine the absolute hydrogen content. Working curves will be prepared for major groups of minerals found in both Earths crust and mantle. Synthetic minerals grown under controlled temperature and pressureconditions and with known chemical components will provide standards for examining the influence of chemical composition upon the hydrous components. They also will address the objective of relating information obtained from natural minerals to their conditions of formation.

9804871Rossman 许多名义上无水的矿物实际上在其结构的不同位置含有低浓度的水或氢氧化物。 这些成分对主相性质的影响程度与其实际浓度远远不成比例，并且共同构成了地球上全球重要的氢储库。 我们的研究计划旨在 1) 表征天然矿物和相关合成材料中这些成分的化学形式和浓度，2) 将含水成分与主体相的其他物理和化学性质联系起来，以及 3) 探索陆地地质系统的含水成分。我们从各种地质现象中选择天然存在的矿物，并用红外光谱表征其含水成分。 然后我们将准备一部分样品进行核剖面分析，以确定绝对氢含量。将为地壳和地幔中发现的主要矿物组绘制工作曲线。 在受控温度和压力条件下生长并具有已知化学成分的合成矿物将为检查化学成分对含水成分的影响提供标准。 他们还将解决将从天然矿物获得的信息与其形成条件相关联的目标。