RUI: Effects of Dehydration During Growth on Avian Kidney Development

RUI：生长过程中脱水对禽肾脏发育的影响

• 批准号: 8917616
• 负责人: David Goldstein
• 金额: $ 16.82万
• 依托单位: Wright State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-05-15 至 1993-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8917616&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Effects; Dehydration; During; Growth

Dehydration is a stressor that may be encountered by many organisms during their lifetimes, including the period of body growth and organ development. Dehydration induces changes in hormone levels, including prominently increases in levels of anti-diuretic hormone, and the restricted water inhibits general body growth. Together, these factors may influence the growth and the development of many organ systems. The research will focus particularly on the effects of dehydration during growth on development of the kidney, a principle target organ for anti-diuretic hormone. The PI will study this problem in bobwhite quail, a species in which the chicks must forage for themselves beginning shortly after hatching, and in which therefore there is a very real possibility of dehydration during the early life stages. Preliminary data suggest that the region of the kidney (the renal medulla) primarily concerned with water conservation during dehydration hypertrophies when the birds are chronically water restricted. Associated with this is an enhanced ability to concentrate the urine, which should contribute to enhanced water conservation. The proposed research will further explore the functional consequences of chronic dehydration, and in particular will examine the basis for the enhanced concentrating ability. Does this reflect changes in the rate of urine formation, changes in hormone levels, or changes in the cellular response to the hormone? How do morphological changes induced by dehydration correlate with changes in function? Are these changes reversible, or do stresses imposed during youth have consequences that continue into adulthood? These studies will help to define the physiological responses of animals to dehydration. They will also examine the relation between structure and function in the avian kidney, about which much remains unknown or speculative. More generally, these studies will examine the flexibility of an important homeostatic system, and will address the general issue of the importance of environmental stresses on developmental pathways. This approach should identify constraints in design and function of the avian kidney. This relates both to the ability of individuals to acclimate to changing environments, as well as to the ability of species to invade and adapt to different habitats.

脱水是许多生物在其一生中可能遇到的压力源，包括身体生长和器官发育的时期。 脱水会诱导激素水平的变化，包括显着增加抗抑制激素的水平，而受限的水抑制了一般人体的生长。 这些因素在一起可能会影响许多器官系统的增长和发展。 这项研究将特别关注生长过程中脱水的影响，这是肾脏的发展，这是抗脱尿激素的主要靶向器官。 PI将在Bobwhite Quail中研究这个问题，Bobwhite鹌鹑是雏鸡必须从孵化后不久就觅食的物种，因此在早期生命阶段存在脱水的可能性非常真实。 初步数据表明，肾脏（肾脏髓质）的区域主要涉及脱水肥大期间鸟类养殖时的养水。 与此相关的是浓缩尿液的增强能力，这应该有助于增强节水。 拟议的研究将进一步探索慢性脱水的功能后果，特别是将研究增强的浓缩能力的基础。 这是否反映了尿液形成率，激素水平的变化或细胞对激素反应的变化的变化？ 脱水引起的形态变化与功能变化相关？ 这些变化是可逆的，还是在青年期间施加的压力会持续成年？ 这些研究将有助于定义动物对脱水的生理反应。 他们还将检查禽肾脏中的结构和功能之间的关系，禽类肾脏仍然是未知或投机的。 更一般而言，这些研究将研究重要的体内稳态系统的灵活性，并将解决环境压力在发育途径上的重要性的一般问题。 这种方法应确定禽肾的设计和功能的约束。 这既与个人适应不断变化的环境的能力以及物种入侵和适应不同栖息地的能力有关。