The efficacy of in-situ burning as a counter measure to oil spills in Arctic marine waters
就地燃烧作为北极海域漏油对策的效果
基本信息
- 批准号:RGPIN-2019-05355
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 3.13万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:加拿大
- 项目类别:Discovery Grants Program - Individual
- 财政年份:2022
- 资助国家:加拿大
- 起止时间:2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
As climate change brings reduced sea ice cover and longer ice-free summers in the Arctic, northern Canada is experiencing an increase in shipping and industrial activity in this sensitive region. Disappearing sea ice therefore makes the Arctic region susceptible to accidental releases of different types of oil and fuel pollution resulting in a pressing need for scientific knowledge to underlie regulatory policy formulation in this area. In situ burning (ISB) of spilled oil as an oil spill cleanup countermeasure is gaining acceptance because of its distinct advantages over other countermeasures. This technique can convert large quantities of oil into its primary combustion products, CO2 and H2O. It requires less equipment and labour and can be applied in areas such as the Arctic where many other methods cannot due to lack of response infrastructure and/or lack of alternatives. Burning of oil also produces dense black smoke primarily composed of black carbon (soot). These smoke particles can also contain (or be coated with) condensed organic compounds, sulphates. Burning also produces gaseous pollutants such as CO, NOX, SO2, and a wide range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Of most concern are the more carcinogenic pyrogenically produced particle (submicron) bound multi-ring parent PAHs. This raises serious health concerns with respect to the potential for increasing concentrations of respirable particles and toxic gases from the burning of oil. Recent ISB studies conducted on oil sampled from the 2010 Deep Water Horizon Oil Spill, showed that the oil burning process doubled the concentrations of the polar aromatic compounds partitioning into the water phase. Using Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FTICR-MS) subsets of these compounds were identified as being highly condensed PAHs and the potentially more hazardous oxygenated compounds. While FTICR-MS is a powerful technique for the characterization of complex mixtures such as oil (and burned oil) the instrumental limitations constrain the structural predictions that can be made regarding the chemical composition. There is a strong need, therefore, to identify the structural characteristics of these water soluble polar organic pyrogenic compounds so as to better understand the pathways of their molecular production and unambiguous structural identifications and allowing for more comprehensive toxicological studies. This proposed research will identify and quantify water soluble pyrogenic transformation products and atmospheric emissions of various types of fuel oils when exposed to in-situ burning under varying Arctic marine environmental scenarios. It will provide vital information needed to conduct further environmental process and toxicological studies and contribute to ISB usage policies (alone or in combination with other mitigation technologies) needed by regulatory agencies, nongovernmental and Indigenous organizations, and the private sector.
随着气候变化导致北极海冰覆盖面积减少和无冰夏季延长,加拿大北部这一敏感地区的航运和工业活动正在增加,海冰的消失使北极地区容易受到不同类型污染物意外释放的影响。石油和燃料污染导致迫切需要科学知识来支持该领域的监管政策制定,作为溢油清理对策,该技术因其与其他对策相比的独特优势而获得认可。可以转化大量的石油它需要较少的设备和劳动力,并且可以应用于北极等地区,而由于缺乏响应基础设施和/或缺乏替代品,许多其他方法也无法应用。黑烟主要由黑碳(烟灰)组成。这些烟雾颗粒还可能含有(或覆盖有)浓缩有机化合物、硫酸盐,燃烧还会产生气态污染物,例如一氧化碳、氮氧化物、二氧化硫和多种挥发性有机物。最令人担忧的是致癌性更高的热解颗粒(亚微米)结合的多环多环芳烃,这引起了严重的健康问题,因为石油燃烧可能会增加可吸入颗粒和有毒气体的浓度。 ISB 最近对 2010 年深水地平线漏油事件中的油样进行的研究表明,利用傅里叶变换离子,油的燃烧过程使分配到水相中的极性芳香族化合物的浓度增加了一倍。这些化合物的回旋共振质谱 (FTICR-MS) 子集被鉴定为高度浓缩的 PAH 和潜在更危险的含氧化合物,而 FTICR-MS 是一种用于表征复杂混合物(例如油(和烧油))的强大技术。仪器的局限性限制了对化学成分的结构预测,因此,迫切需要确定这些水溶性极性有机热解化合物的结构特征,以便更好地了解其途径。其分子生产和明确的结构鉴定,并允许进行更全面的毒理学研究,这项拟议的研究将识别和量化各种类型的燃料油在不同的北极海洋环境情景下暴露于原位燃烧时的水溶性热解产物和大气排放。它将提供进行进一步的环境过程和毒理学研究所需的重要信息,并为监管机构、非政府组织和土著组织以及私营部门所需的 ISB 使用政策(单独或与其他缓解技术结合)做出贡献。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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Stern, Gary其他文献
Standardisation of Rock-Eval pyrolysis for the analysis of recent sediments and soils
- DOI:
10.1016/j.orggeochem.2012.01.011 - 发表时间:
2012-05-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3
- 作者:
Carrie, Jesse;Sanei, Hamed;Stern, Gary - 通讯作者:
Stern, Gary
Mercury in the marine environment of the Canadian Arctic: Review of recent findings
- DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.133 - 发表时间:
2015-03-15 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:9.8
- 作者:
Braune, Birgit;Chetelat, John;Stern, Gary - 通讯作者:
Stern, Gary
Development of Dielectric Measurement Techniques for Arctic Oil Spill Studies
- DOI:
10.1109/ieeeconf35879.2020.9329458 - 发表时间:
2020-01-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Mansoori, Amirbahador;Isleifson, Dustin;Stern, Gary - 通讯作者:
Stern, Gary
Passive sampler derived air concentrations of PBDEs along an urban-rural transect: Spatial and temporal trends
- DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.12.018 - 发表时间:
2006-06-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:8.8
- 作者:
Harner, Tom;Shoeib, Mahiba;Stern, Gary - 通讯作者:
Stern, Gary
Gas-phase ambient air contaminants exhibit significant dioxin-like and estrogen-like activity in vitro.
- DOI:
10.1289/ehp.8496 - 发表时间:
2006-05 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:10.4
- 作者:
Klein, Gail P;Hodge, Erin M;Diamond, Miriam L;Yip, Amelia;Dann, Tom;Stern, Gary;Denison, Michael S;Harper, Patricia A - 通讯作者:
Harper, Patricia A
Stern, Gary的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Stern, Gary', 18)}}的其他基金
The efficacy of in-situ burning as a counter measure to oil spills in Arctic marine waters
就地燃烧作为北极海域漏油对策的效果
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2019-05355 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 3.13万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
The efficacy of in-situ burning as a counter measure to oil spills in Arctic marine waters
就地燃烧作为北极海域漏油对策的效果
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2019-05355 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 3.13万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
The efficacy of in-situ burning as a counter measure to oil spills in Arctic marine waters
就地燃烧作为北极海域漏油对策的效果
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2019-05355 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 3.13万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments and invertebrates at the base of marine food webs in Baffin Bay; Climate change, industrial development and source apportionment.
巴芬湾海洋食物网底部沉积物和无脊椎动物中的石油碳氢化合物;
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2014-06319 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 3.13万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments and invertebrates at the base of marine food webs in Baffin Bay; Climate change, industrial development and source apportionment.
巴芬湾海洋食物网底部沉积物和无脊椎动物中的石油碳氢化合物;
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2014-06319 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 3.13万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments and invertebrates at the base of marine food webs in Baffin Bay; Climate change, industrial development and source apportionment.
巴芬湾海洋食物网底部沉积物和无脊椎动物中的石油碳氢化合物;
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2014-06319 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 3.13万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments and invertebrates at the base of marine food webs in Baffin Bay; Climate change, industrial development and source apportionment.
巴芬湾海洋食物网底部沉积物和无脊椎动物中的石油碳氢化合物;
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2014-06319 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 3.13万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments and invertebrates at the base of marine food webs in Baffin Bay; Climate change, industrial development and source apportionment.
巴芬湾海洋食物网底部沉积物和无脊椎动物中的石油碳氢化合物;
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2014-06319 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 3.13万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
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相似海外基金
Burning in the boreal: Quantifying soil carbon loss from boreal peatland wildfire in western Canada by integrating in-situ data, multi-spectral lidar and modelling to improve operational carbon models
北方燃烧:通过整合现场数据、多光谱激光雷达和建模,量化加拿大西部北方泥炭地野火造成的土壤碳损失,以改进可操作的碳模型
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The efficacy of in-situ burning as a counter measure to oil spills in Arctic marine waters
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RGPIN-2019-05355 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 3.13万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
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就地燃烧作为北极海域漏油对策的效果
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RGPIN-2019-05355 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 3.13万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
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