Next Generation of Ultra-Fast Chargers for Electrified Transportation

用于电气化交通的下一代超快速充电器

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-05264
• 负责人: Narimani, Mehdi
• 金额: $ 2.84万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=752212
• 关键词: Next; Generation; Ultra; Fast; Chargers

Transportation is the second-largest source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Canada. One of the promising solutions to overcome these challenges is zero-emission vehicles such as Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV). The main barriers regarding wide electric vehicle (EV) adoption by society are charging time, range anxiety, and lack of charging infrastructures. The charging infrastructure is one of the main barriers since it significantly affects the other barriers. Without low-cost EV charging stations across the country, range anxiety and charging time cannot be addressed. The low-power EV chargers are mounted inside the vehicle and require to be connected to the power outlets. However, the charging time can take up to several hours. Ultra-fast EV chargers are the high-power chargers in which energy is fed directly to the batteries and can reduce the charging time as low as few minutes. Due to the negative affect of high-power chargers on distribution networks, they cannot be installed at home and specially for the individuals living in apartments/homes without designated parking spaces. Therefore, having a large number of ultra-fast EV charging stations is a necessity to be installed across the cities and highways, and address the charging time and range anxiety especially for long-distance trips. State of the art ultra-fast chargers require to convert medium-voltage (MV) ac to low-voltage (LV) ac through line-frequency transformers. The main challenges of this structure are high cost and size, and low efficiency due to the bulky and expensive line-frequency transformer. To overcome these challenges, an MV-connected ultra-fast charger is a solution that leads to significant improvements in terms of cost, efficiency, and size in comparison to LV-connected charging solution. The long-term research aims to develop high-power ultra-fast charging systems for electrified transportation including electric cars, light/heavy commercial vehicles, off-road vehicles, electric ships, and more/all electric aircrafts. This enables to overcome barriers to electric transportation adoption and promote clean transportation. The short-term objective of this research program is to develop and prototype ultra-fast charging station, as a replacement of present gasoline station, while improving overall efficiency, cost, power density, and power quality of the overall system. This research program will create innovation in several technical areas including power architectures and topologies, semiconductor devices, advanced magnetics, and high performance control. It is expected that the theoretical results and the successful implementation of this research program introduce new technologies and products and skilled HQP for the next generation of electrified transportation. These technologies will help to facilitate the growth of EV adoption in Canada and provide a significant reduction in GHG emissions.

运输是加拿大温室气体（GHG）排放的第二大来源。克服这些挑战的承诺解决方案之一是零发射车，例如电池电动汽车（BEV）。社会采用广泛的电动汽车（EV）的主要障碍是充电时间，范围焦虑和缺乏充电基础设施。充电基础设施是主要障碍之一，因为它显着影响了其他障碍。没有全国各地的低成本电动汽车充电站，范围焦虑和充电时间将无法解决。低功率EV充电器安装在车辆内部，需要连接到电源插座。但是，充电时间最多可能需要几个小时。超快速电动汽车电荷是直接供电的高功率充电器，可以将充电时间降低到几分钟。由于高功率费用对分销网络的负面影响，因此无法在家中安装，而是专门用于没有指定停车位的公寓/房屋中的个人。因此，必须在整个城市和高速公路上安装大量的超快速电动汽车充电站，并解决充电时间和范围动画，尤其是对于长途旅行。最先进的超快速充电器需要通过线频变压器将中压（MV）AC转换为低压（LV）AC。该结构的主要挑战是高成本和尺寸，并且由于笨重且昂贵的线路变压器而引起的效率低。为了克服这些挑战，与LV连接的充电解决方案相比，与MV连接的超快速充电器是一种解决方案，可在成本，效率和大小方面取得显着改善。长期研究旨在开发高功率超快速充电系统，用于电气运输，包括电动汽车，轻/重型商用车，越野车，电动船以及更多/所有电动飞机。这使得能够克服采用电动运输的障碍并促进清洁运输。该研究计划的短期目标是开发和原型超快速充电站，以替代当前的汽油站，同时提高整体系统的整体效率，成本，功率密度和功率质量。该研究计划将在多个技术领域创新，包括电力架构和拓扑，半导体设备，高级磁力和高性能控制。预计该研究计划的理论结果和成功实施将引入新的技术和产品以及熟练的HQP，用于下一代电气运输。这些技术将有助于促进加拿大电动汽车采用的增长，并大大减少温室气体排放。